arXiv:2603.08030cs.CV2026-03被引 5

用伪标签质量指导修复,让模型学会区分好坏,生成更优图像。

QualiTeacher: Quality-Conditioned Pseudo-Labeling for Real-World Image Restoration

  • 根据伪标签质量动态调整学习,避免学坏内容
  • 在多个基准上超越现有方法,生成质量高于教师的图像
  • 适合图像修复、弱监督学习等场景的从业者

真实世界图像恢复(RWIR)因缺乏干净真值图像而极具挑战。许多现有方法采用伪标签(PL)监督,通常基于均值教师(MT)框架。然而,这些方法面临核心矛盾:无条件信任常不完美的低质伪标签,会迫使学生模型学习错误伪影;而完全丢弃又严重限制数据多样性并损害泛化能力。本文提出QualiTeacher,将伪标签质量从噪声负担转化为条件监督信号。该框架不进行过滤,而是显式地根据由一组互补的无参考图像质量评估(NR-IQA)模型估计的伪标签质量来指导学生模型,这些模型涵盖低层失真与语义级评估。该策略使学生网络学习一个按质量分级的修复流形,从而理解不同质量等级的含义。结果不仅能避免模仿低质标签中的伪影,还能外推生成优于教师自身的高质量结果。为增强质量驱动学习的鲁棒性与准确性,我们进一步引入多增强方案以扩展伪标签质量谱、受直接偏好优化(DPO)启发的基于分数的偏好优化策略以实现单调有序的质量分离,并设计裁剪一致性损失防止对IQA模型的对抗性过优化(奖励劫持)。在标准RWIR基准上的实验表明,QualiTeacher可作为即插即用策略提升现有伪标签框架的性能,建立一种从不完美监督中学习的新范式。代码将公开。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Real-world image restoration (RWIR) is a highly challenging task due to the absence of clean ground-truth images. Many recent methods resort to pseudo-label (PL) supervision, often within a Mean-Teacher (MT) framework. However, these methods face a critical paradox: unconditionally trusting the often imperfect, low-quality PLs forces the student model to learn undesirable artifacts, while discarding them severely limits data diversity and impairs model generalization. In this paper, we propose QualiTeacher, a novel framework that transforms pseudo-label quality from a noisy liability into a conditional supervisory signal. Instead of filtering, QualiTeacher explicitly conditions the student model on the quality of the PLs, estimated by an ensemble of complementary non-reference image quality assessment (NR-IQA) models spanning low-level distortion and semantic-level assessment. This strategy teaches the student network to learn a quality-graded restoration manifold, enabling it to understand what constitutes different quality levels. Consequently, it can not only avoid mimicking artifacts from low-quality labels but also extrapolate to generate results of higher quality than the teacher itself. To ensure the robustness and accuracy of this quality-driven learning, we further enhance the process with a multi-augmentation scheme to diversify the PL quality spectrum, a score-based preference optimization strategy inspired by Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) to enforce a monotonically ordered quality separation, and a cropped consistency loss to prevent adversarial over-optimization (reward hacking) of the IQA models. Experiments on standard RWIR benchmarks demonstrate that QualiTeacher can serve as a plug-and-play strategy to improve the quality of the existing pseudo-labeling framework, establishing a new paradigm for learning from imperfect supervision. Code will be released.

图像修复伪标签质量评估弱监督

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。