arXiv:2603.08478cs.ROcs.LG2026-03

将机器人动力学分解为物理结构与随机扰动,提升复杂环境下的预测精度。

STRIDE: Structured Lagrangian and Stochastic Residual Dynamics via Flow Matching

  • 用拉格朗日神经网络建模保守力学,用条件流匹配捕捉多模态交互扰动。
  • 长期预测误差降低20%,接触力预测误差降低30%。
  • 适合需要高可靠模型的机器人控制、规划与在线自适应场景。

在非结构化环境中运行的机器人系统需应对由间歇接触、摩擦变化和未建模柔顺性带来的显著不确定性。尽管近期无模型方法表现优异,但许多部署场景仍需支持规划、约束处理与在线适应的预测模型。解析刚体模型虽具强物理结构,却难以捕捉复杂交互效应;纯数据驱动模型可能违反物理一致性,存在数据偏差并积累长时漂移。本文提出STRIDE,一种将保守刚体力学与不确定的随机非保守交互效应显式分离的动力学学习框架。结构化部分采用拉格朗日神经网络(LNN)以保持能量一致的惯性动力学,残差交互力则通过条件流匹配(CFM)建模,以捕捉多模态交互现象。两部分端到端联合训练,使模型既保留物理结构又表征复杂随机行为。我们在递增复杂度系统上评估:单摆、Unitree Go1四足机器人及Unitree G1人形机器人。结果表明,相比确定性残差基线,长期预测误差减少20%,接触力预测误差减少30%,支持更可靠的模型基于控制。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Robotic systems operating in unstructured environments must operate under significant uncertainty arising from intermittent contacts, frictional variability, and unmodeled compliance. While recent model-free approaches have demonstrated impressive performance, many deployment settings still require predictive models that support planning, constraint handling, and online adaptation. Analytical rigid-body models provide strong physical structure but often fail to capture complex interaction effects, whereas purely data-driven models may violate physical consistency, exhibit data bias, and accumulate long-horizon drift. In this work, we propose STRIDE, a dynamics learning framework that explicitly separates conservative rigid-body mechanics from uncertain, effectively stochastic non-conservative interaction effects. The structured component is modeled using a Lagrangian Neural Network (LNN) to preserve energy-consistent inertial dynamics, while residual interaction forces are represented using Conditional Flow Matching (CFM) to capture multi-modal interaction phenomena. The two components are trained jointly end-to-end, enabling the model to retain physical structure while representing complex stochastic behavior. We evaluate STRIDE on systems of increasing complexity, including a pendulum, the Unitree Go1 quadruped, and the Unitree G1 humanoid. Results show 20% reduction in long-horizon prediction error and 30% reduction in contact force prediction error compared to deterministic residual baselines, supporting more reliable model-based control in uncertain robotic environments.

机器人动力学流匹配物理约束

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。