触觉力场感知显著提升机器人拆解成功率,尤其在接触密集和柔性场景中。
CONTACT: CONtact-aware TACTile Learning for Robotic Disassembly
- 采用触觉力场(TacFF)替代传统视觉+触觉图像融合
- 真实与仿真环境中成功率均最高,柔性任务提升超40%
- 力场信息比图像融合更有效,简单拼接反而降低性能
机器人拆解依赖丰富的接触交互,成功操作不仅需几何对齐,还需依赖力控状态转换。尽管视觉策略在结构化场景表现良好,但在紧公差、高接触或可变形场景中可靠性下降。本文通过仿真与真实实验系统研究触觉传感的作用,构建五项渐进复杂度的刚体拆解任务,并设计五项真实任务(含三刚体、两可变形)。在统一学习框架下比较三种感知配置:仅视觉、视觉+触觉图像(TacRGB)、视觉+触觉力场(TacFF)。结果表明,基于TacFF的策略在仿真与真实环境中均取得最高成功率,尤其在接触主导和可变形场景中优势显著。值得注意的是,简单融合TacRGB与TacFF的表现劣于单一模态,说明拼接会稀释关键力信息。结果表明,触觉传感在机器人拆解中起关键作用,且结构化的力场表示在接触密集场景中尤为有效。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Robotic disassembly involves contact-rich interactions in which successful manipulation depends not only on geometric alignment but also on force-dependent state transitions. While vision-based policies perform well in structured settings, their reliability often degrades in tight-tolerance, contact-dominated, or deformable scenarios. In this work, we systematically investigate the role of tactile sensing in robotic disassembly through both simulation and real-world experiments. We construct five rigid-body disassembly tasks in simulation with increasing geometric constraints and extraction difficulty. We further design five real-world tasks, including three rigid and two deformable scenarios, to evaluate contact-dependent manipulation. Within a unified learning framework, we compare three sensing configurations: Vision Only, Vision + tactile RGB (TacRGB), and Vision + tactile force field (TacFF). Across both simulation and real-world experiments, TacFF-based policies consistently achieve the highest success rates, with particularly notable gains in contact-dependent and deformable settings. Notably, naive fusion of TacRGB and TacFF underperforms either modality alone, indicating that simple concatenation can dilute task-relevant force information. Our results show that tactile sensing plays a critical, task-dependent role in robotic disassembly, with structured force-field representations being particularly effective in contact-dominated scenarios.
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