arXiv:2603.08814cs.ROcs.AI2026-03被引 2

用自然语言指令生成精准任务规划,让异构机器人团队高效协作。

Scale-Plan: Scalable Language-Enabled Task Planning for Heterogeneous Multi-Robot Teams

  • 通过图搜索筛选关键动作与物体,压缩无关感知信息。
  • 在多机器人复杂任务中提升规划效率,比基线快2.3倍以上。
  • 适合需长时程协作的智能机器人系统研发人员参考。

面向异构多机器人系统的长时程任务规划对真实环境部署至关重要,但受限于大量无关感知信息,传统符号规划依赖人工构建问题描述,可扩展性差;近期基于大语言模型(LLM)的方法常出现幻觉和缺乏场景对齐的问题。本文提出Scale-Plan框架,利用自然语言指令生成紧凑且任务相关的规划表示。给定PDDL领域规范,该框架构建动作图并使用浅层LLM推理引导结构化图搜索,识别出最小相关动作与对象子集。通过前置信息过滤,实现高效分解、分配与长周期计划生成。我们在复杂多智能体任务上评估该方法,并引入MAT2-THOR——基于AI2-THOR清洗后的基准数据集,用于可靠评估多机器人规划系统。Scale-Plan在所有指标上均优于纯LLM与混合LLM-PDDL基线,显著提升可扩展性与可靠性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Long-horizon task planning for heterogeneous multi-robot systems is essential for deploying collaborative teams in real-world environments; yet, it remains challenging due to the large volume of perceptual information, much of which is irrelevant to task objectives and burdens planning. Traditional symbolic planners rely on manually constructed problem specifications, limiting scalability and adaptability, while recent large language model (LLM)-based approaches often suffer from hallucinations and weak grounding-i.e., poor alignment between generated plans and actual environmental objects and constraints-in object-rich settings. We present Scale-Plan, a scalable LLM-assisted framework that generates compact, task-relevant problem representations from natural language instructions. Given a PDDL domain specification, Scale-Plan constructs an action graph capturing domain structure and uses shallow LLM reasoning to guide a structured graph search that identifies a minimal subset of relevant actions and objects. By filtering irrelevant information prior to planning, Scale-Plan enables efficient decomposition, allocation, and long-horizon plan generation. We evaluate our approach on complex multi-agent tasks and introduce MAT2-THOR, a cleaned benchmark built on AI2-THOR for reliable evaluation of multi-robot planning systems. Scale-Plan outperforms pure LLM and hybrid LLM-PDDL baselines across all metrics, improving scalability and reliability. Project website: https://github.com/honda-research-institute/Scale_Plan

多机器人任务规划大模型智能协作

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