针对高光谱图像弱信号被掩盖的问题,提出融合状态空间与注意力机制的新网络。
WS-Net: Weak-Signal Representation Learning and Gated Abundance Reconstruction for Hyperspectral Unmixing via State-Space and Weak Signal Attention Fusion
- 用小波融合编码器和状态空间分支捕捉多尺度光谱特征。
- 弱信号注意力机制提升低相似度光谱响应,门控融合增强表达。
- 在低信噪比下仍稳定表现,适合弱信号提取场景。
高光谱图像中的弱光谱响应常被主导端元和传感器噪声掩盖,导致丰度估计不准。本文提出WS-Net,一种专为解决弱信号崩溃问题设计的深度解混框架,融合状态空间建模与弱信号注意力机制。网络采用多分辨率小波融合编码器,结合Mamba状态空间分支高效建模长程依赖;引入弱信号注意力分支,选择性增强低相似度光谱线索。可学习门控机制自适应融合双路表征,解码器通过基于KL散度的正则化强制主导与弱端元间的可分性。在1个模拟数据集及2个真实数据集(Synthetic、Samson、Apex)上实验表明,相比6个先进基线,RMSE最高降低55%,SAD最高降低63%。该框架在低信噪比条件下保持稳定精度,尤其对弱端元表现优异,成为弱信号高光谱解混的鲁棒且高效基准。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Weak spectral responses in hyperspectral images are often obscured by dominant endmembers and sensor noise, resulting in inaccurate abundance estimation. This paper introduces WS-Net, a deep unmixing framework specifically designed to address weak-signal collapse through state-space modelling and Weak Signal Attention fusion. The network features a multi-resolution wavelet-fused encoder that captures both high-frequency discontinuities and smooth spectral variations with a hybrid backbone that integrates a Mamba state-space branch for efficient long-range dependency modelling. It also incorporates a Weak Signal Attention branch that selectively enhances low-similarity spectral cues. A learnable gating mechanism adaptively fuses both representations, while the decoder leverages KL-divergence-based regularisation to enforce separability between dominant and weak endmembers. Experiments on one simulated and two real datasets (synthetic dataset, Samson, and Apex) demonstrate consistent improvements over six state-of-the-art baselines, achieving up to 55% and 63% reductions in RMSE and SAD, respectively. The framework maintains stable accuracy under low-SNR conditions, particularly for weak endmembers, establishing WS-Net as a robust and computationally efficient benchmark for weak-signal hyperspectral unmixing.
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