arXiv:2603.09080cs.ITcs.IR2026-03

让模拟联合信源信道编码在普通数字设备上实现高保真传输。

Unlocking High-Fidelity Analog Joint Source-Channel Coding on Standard Digital Transceivers

  • 用正交频分复用结构模拟连续波形,实现数字硬件上的模拟编码。
  • 在不同信噪比下保持平稳退化,避免传统方法的性能骤降。
  • 适合希望升级通信系统但不改硬件的研究者与工程师。

模拟联合信源信道编码(JSCC)在语义通信中表现出色,能随信道条件平滑退化。然而,其与现代数字物理层(PHY)存在根本性软硬件不匹配:模拟JSCC生成连续符号需无限波形多样性,而数字PHY仅输出有限离散波形,且采用不可微操作,破坏端到端梯度流。现有方案或限制表示精度,或需非现实的白盒访问。本文提出D2AJSCC框架,首次实现标准数字PHY上的高保真模拟JSCC。利用正交频分复用的并行子载波结构作为波形合成器,通过计算逆向物理层确定输入比特流,调控子载波幅度与相位以逼近理想模拟波形。为克服不可微操作阻碍训练,设计ProxyNet——一个可微神经代理,持续提供梯度流,防止编码退化。针对WiFi PHY的图像传输仿真显示,本系统在不同信噪比下接近理想模拟JSCC性能,呈现平稳退化;而基线方法出现悬崖效应或灾难性失败。该框架使下一代语义传输可在现有基础设施上部署,无需硬件修改,推动可持续网络演进,弥合模拟JSCC理论优势与实际部署间的鸿沟。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Analog joint source-channel coding (JSCC) has demonstrated superior performance for semantic communications through graceful degradation across channel conditions. However, a fundamental hardware-software mismatch prevents deployment on modern digital physical layers (PHYs): analog JSCC generates continuous-valued symbols requiring infinite waveform diversity, while digital PHYs produce a finite set of discrete waveforms and employ non-differentiable operations that break end-to-end gradient flow. Existing solutions either fundamentally limit representation granularity or require impractical white-box PHY access. We introduce D2AJSCC, a novel framework enabling high-fidelity analog JSCC deployment on standard digital PHYs. Our approach exploits orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing's parallel subcarrier structure as a waveform synthesizer: computational PHY inversion determines input bitstreams that orchestrate subcarrier amplitudes and phases to emulate ideal analog waveforms. To enable end-to-end training despite non-differentiable PHY operations, we develop ProxyNet-a differentiable neural surrogate of the communication link that provides uninterrupted gradient flow while preventing JSCC degeneration. Simulation results for image transmission over WiFi PHY demonstrate that our system achieves near-ideal analog JSCC performance with graceful degradation across SNR conditions, while baselines exhibit cliff effects or catastrophic failures. By enabling next-generation semantic transmission on legacy infrastructure without hardware modification, our framework promotes sustainable network evolution and bridges the critical gap between analog JSCC's theoretical promise and practical deployment on ubiquitous digital hardware.

联合编码语义通信数字物理层梯度流

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