arXiv:2603.10047cs.SEcs.AI2026-03

五种提示工程方法降低大模型幻觉,增强工业场景输出一致性。

Toward Epistemic Stability: Engineering Consistent Procedures for Industrial LLM Hallucination Reduction

  • 通过五种无权重修改的提示策略减少输出波动
  • 增强数据注册表法在100次测试中全胜,效果最佳
  • 适合需要稳定输出的工业级AI应用开发者

大语言模型(LLM)的幻觉表现为语法正确但事实错误或上下文不一致的输出,在工程设计、企业资源规划和物联网遥测等高风险工业场景中持续构成障碍。本文提出并比较了五种无需修改模型权重或构建复杂验证模型的提示工程策略:(M1) 迭代相似性收敛,(M2) 分解式模型无关提示,(M3) 单任务代理专业化,(M4) 增强数据注册表,(M5) 领域术语注入。每种方法在相同固定任务提示下进行100次重复运行(随机解码tau=0.7),采用LLM-as-Judge框架评估。结果显示,M4在全部100次测试中获得“更优”评价;M3和M5分别达到80%和77%;M1为75%;而M2相较单次提示下降至34%。随后我们开发了v2版本,在10次验证批次中,M2从34%回升至80%,提升最大。本文讨论这些策略如何缓解LLM结果的非确定性问题,即使无法保证绝对正确。附有伪代码、完整提示及批量日志以支持独立复现。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Hallucinations in large language models (LLMs) are outputs that are syntactically coherent but factually incorrect or contextually inconsistent. They are persistent obstacles in high-stakes industrial settings such as engineering design, enterprise resource planning, and IoT telemetry platforms. We present and compare five prompt engineering strategies intended to reduce the variance of model outputs and move toward repeatable, grounded results without modifying model weights or creating complex validation models. These methods include: (M1) Iterative Similarity Convergence, (M2) Decomposed Model-Agnostic Prompting, (M3) Single-Task Agent Specialization, (M4) Enhanced Data Registry, and (M5) Domain Glossary Injection. Each method is evaluated against an internal baseline using an LLM-as-Judge framework over 100 repeated runs per method (same fixed task prompt, stochastic decoding at tau = 0.7. Under this evaluation setup, M4 (Enhanced Data Registry) received ``Better'' verdicts in all 100 trials; M3 and M5 reached 80% and 77% respectively; M1 reached 75%; and M2 was net negative at 34% when compared to single shot prompting with a modern foundation model. We then developed enhanced version 2 (v2) implementations and assessed them on a 10-trial verification batch; M2 recovered from 34% to 80%, the largest gain among the four revised methods. We discuss how these strategies help overcome the non-deterministic nature of LLM results for industrial procedures, even when absolute correctness cannot be guaranteed. We provide pseudocode, verbatim prompts, and batch logs to support independent assessment.

大模型幻觉提示工程工业应用输出一致性

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