arXiv:2603.10250cs.LG2026-03

提出新框架让扩散强化学习更灵活地调整策略,提升探索效率。

GeMPO: Generalized Measure Matching for Online Diffusion Reinforcement Learning

  • 用泛化单调函数替代传统softmax重加权,扩展权重设计空间。
  • 引入负权重机制,主动避开次优动作,促进有效探索。
  • 在多个任务上表现优于或媲美现有方法,适合需要高效探索的场景。

扩散策略常用的强化学习算法通常对行为策略样本进行softmax重加权,易导致过度贪婪,且无法利用负样本反馈。本文提出GeMPO,一种从测度匹配视角重构扩散强化学习的统一框架:首先通过正则化策略优化构造一个虚拟目标策略测度;其次通过重加权流匹配最小化当前策略与该目标测度的差异。该框架具备两大优势:其一,将重加权方式从传统指数形式推广至任意单调函数,可适配不同奖励环境;其二,放宽目标测度非负约束,为负重加权提供理论依据。我们解释了负重加权如何主动排斥次优动作,从而增强探索能力。大量实验表明,借助灵活的重加权策略,GeMPO在多项任务中实现竞争力或更优性能,并提供了实用的重加权方法选择指南。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

A commonly used family of RL algorithms for diffusion policies conducts softmax reweighting over samples from the behavior policy, which often induces an overgreedy policy and fails to utilize feedback from negative samples. In this work, we introduce GeMPO, a simple and unified framework that generalizes reweighting scheme in diffusion RL from softmax to general monotonic functions. GeMPO revisits diffusion RL via a measure matching perspective: First, we construct a virtual target policy measure via solving a regularized policy optimization objective; Second, we minimize the divergence between the current policy and this target measure through reweighted flow matching. This formulation offers two key advantages: i) It extends weight design beyond traditional exponential reweighting, allowing it to be tailored to diverse reward landscapes; and ii) by relaxing the non-negativity constraint on the target measure, our framework provides a principled justification for negative reweighting. We provide interpretations of how negative reweighting actively repels the policy from suboptimal actions and thus facilitates exploration. Extensive empirical evaluations demonstrate that GeMPO achieves competitive or superior performance by leveraging these flexible weighting schemes, and we provide practical guidelines for selecting reweighting methods in practice.

扩散模型强化学习策略优化

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