arXiv:2603.10512cs.AIcs.LG2026-03

用轻量框架让大模型在资源受限下玩好亚马逊棋,性能超越原模型。

Resource-constrained Amazons chess decision framework integrating large language models and graph attention

  • 融合图注意力与大模型生成,构建轻量决策框架。
  • 在10×10棋盘上胜率最高达66.5%,比基线提升56%。
  • 适合资源有限但需智能决策的场景,如嵌入式游戏AI。

人工智能在智能博弈系统推动下取得显著进展,为决策、策略规划与自适应学习提供了严格测试平台。然而,资源受限环境带来挑战,传统深度学习方法依赖大量数据和计算资源。本文提出一种面向亚马逊棋的轻量级混合框架,通过弱到强泛化范式,结合图结构推理与大模型生成能力。具体采用图注意力自编码器引导多步蒙特卡洛树搜索,使用随机图遗传算法优化评估信号,并利用GPT-4o-mini生成合成训练数据。不同于依赖专家示范的传统方法,本框架从噪声与不完美监督中学习。实验表明,图注意力机制有效作为结构滤波器,降噪大模型输出。在10×10亚马逊棋盘上,该混合方法相较基线决策准确率提升15%–56%,且显著优于教师模型(GPT-4o-mini),在N=30节点时达到45.0%胜率,在N=50节点时达66.5%。结果验证了在严苛计算约束下,从通用基础模型演化出高性能专用游戏AI的可行性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Artificial intelligence has advanced significantly through the development of intelligent game-playing systems, providing rigorous testbeds for decision-making, strategic planning, and adaptive learning. However, resource-constrained environments pose critical challenges, as conventional deep learning methods heavily rely on extensive datasets and computational resources. In this paper, we propose a lightweight hybrid framework for the Game of the Amazons, which explores the paradigm of weak-to-strong generalization by integrating the structural reasoning of graph-based learning with the generative capabilities of large language models. Specifically, we leverage a Graph Attention Autoencoder to inform a multi-step Monte Carlo Tree Search, utilize a Stochastic Graph Genetic Algorithm to optimize evaluation signals, and harness GPT-4o-mini to generate synthetic training data. Unlike traditional approaches that rely on expert demonstrations, our framework learns from noisy and imperfect supervision. We demonstrate that the Graph Attention mechanism effectively functions as a structural filter, denoising the LLM's outputs. Experiments on a 10$\times$10 Amazons board show that our hybrid approach not only achieves a 15\%--56\% improvement in decision accuracy over baselines but also significantly outperforms its teacher model (GPT-4o-mini), achieving a competitive win rate of 45.0\% at N=30 nodes and a decisive 66.5\% at only N=50 nodes. These results verify the feasibility of evolving specialized, high-performance game AI from general-purpose foundation models under stringent computational constraints.

游戏AI大模型轻量框架图神经网络

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