用递进式流模型实现4K超清图像去模糊,兼顾细节恢复与推理效率。
UHD Image Deblurring via Autoregressive Flow with Ill-conditioned Constraints
- 分阶段从低到高逐步生成,每级通过上采样加残差修正
- 采用少量欧拉/赫恩步数的ODE采样,保持高效且细节丰富
- 引入条件数正则化抑制数值不稳定性,提升跨尺度一致性
超高清(UHD)图像去模糊面临细节恢复与推理效率的双重挑战。尽管判别式与生成式方法已取得显著进展,但计算成本与生成精细细节的能力仍存在权衡。为此,我们提出一种带有病态约束的自回归流方法用于UHD图像去模糊。核心思想是将恢复过程分解为由粗到精的渐进式步骤:每级先对前级结果上采样,再添加当前级残差,实现稳定、分阶段的细化。引入流匹配建模残差生成为条件向量场,结合少量步数的ODE采样(使用高效欧拉/赫恩求解器),在保证推理成本可控的前提下增强细节表现。由于超高分辨率下多步生成易引发数值不稳定性,我们通过在特征诱导注意力矩阵上施加条件数正则化,提出病态抑制方案,显著提升收敛性与跨尺度一致性。该方法在4K(3840×2160)及以上分辨率的模糊图像上表现出色。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Ultra-high-definition (UHD) image deblurring poses significant challenges for UHD restoration methods, which must balance fine-grained detail recovery and practical inference efficiency. Although prominent discriminative and generative methods have achieved remarkable results, a trade-off persists between computational cost and the ability to generate fine-grained detail for UHD image deblurring tasks. To further alleviate these issues, we propose a novel autoregressive flow method for UHD image deblurring with an ill-conditioned constraint. Our core idea is to decompose UHD restoration into a progressive, coarse-to-fine process: at each scale, the sharp estimate is formed by upsampling the previous-scale result and adding a current-scale residual, enabling stable, stage-wise refinement from low to high resolution. We further introduce Flow Matching to model residual generation as a conditional vector field and perform few-step ODE sampling with efficient Euler/Heun solvers, enriching details while keeping inference affordable. Since multi-step generation at UHD can be numerically unstable, we propose an ill-conditioning suppression scheme by imposing condition-number regularization on a feature-induced attention matrix, improving convergence and cross-scale consistency. Our method demonstrates promising performance on blurred images at 4K (3840$\times$2160) or higher resolutions.
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