arXiv:2603.10577cs.AIcs.HC2026-03中稿 · appear at the HEAL…被引 3

用视觉语言模型自动审计计算机操作代理,提升评估可靠性。

CUAAudit: Meta-Evaluation of Vision-Language Models as Auditors of Autonomous Computer-Use Agents

  • 用VLM直接分析任务执行结果判断成功与否。
  • 跨平台测试显示高精度但复杂环境下降明显。
  • 强调评估者可信度与不确定性对实际部署的重要性。

计算机使用代理(CUAs)正成为人机交互新范式,可自主执行桌面环境中的自然语言指令任务。随着其能力增强并广泛部署,如何以可扩展且可靠的方式评估其行为成为关键挑战。现有评估方法依赖静态基准、规则判定或人工检查,存在脆弱、成本高且与真实场景脱节的问题。本文研究将视觉语言模型(VLMs)作为自治审计员,基于自然语言指令和最终环境状态,对三类主流CUA基准(支持macOS、Windows、Linux)进行大规模元评估。评估涵盖准确率、置信度校准性及模型间一致性三个维度。结果表明,尽管先进VLM在多数场景表现良好,但在复杂或异构环境中性能显著下降,且不同模型判断存在显著分歧。这揭示了当前基于模型的审计方法的根本局限,强调在真实部署中必须显式考虑评估者的可靠性、不确定性和差异性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Computer-Use Agents (CUAs) are emerging as a new paradigm in human-computer interaction, enabling autonomous execution of tasks in desktop environment by perceiving high-level natural-language instructions. As such agents become increasingly capable and are deployed across diverse desktop environments, evaluating their behavior in a scalable and reliable manner becomes a critical challenge. Existing evaluation pipelines rely on static benchmarks, rule-based success checks, or manual inspection, which are brittle, costly, and poorly aligned with real-world usage. In this work, we study Vision-Language Models (VLMs) as autonomous auditors for assessing CUA task completion directly from observable interactions and conduct a large-scale meta-evaluation of five VLMs that judge task success given a natural-language instruction and the final environment state. Our evaluation spans three widely used CUA benchmarks across macOS, Windows, and Linux environments and analyzes auditor behavior along three complementary dimensions: accuracy, calibration of confidence estimates, and inter-model agreement. We find that while state-of-the-art VLMs achieve strong accuracy and calibration, all auditors exhibit notable performance degradation in more complex or heterogeneous environments, and even high-performing models show significant disagreement in their judgments. These results expose fundamental limitations of current model-based auditing approaches and highlight the need to explicitly account for evaluator reliability, uncertainty, and variance when deploying autonomous CUAs in real-world settings.

计算机代理视觉语言模型自动化评估多平台

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。