ReDiff提升超低场到高场MRI合成的可靠性,减少不一致纹理。
ReDiff: Reliability-Guided Diffusion for Trustworthy Ultra-Low-Field to High-Field MRI Synthesis
- 引入可靠性引导采样与不确定性感知候选选择,增强生成稳定性。
- 在两个数据集上LPIPS最低,下游分割任务中解剖结构更保真。
- 适合需要高可信度图像的临床定量分析场景。
低场到高场MRI合成在高场扫描仪不可用时可提升图像质量。但在超低场设置下,解剖细节退化具有空间异质性:结构模糊区域更容易产生不稳定的高频成分,导致解剖不一致的纹理和边界,尤其影响下游定量分析。因此,我们研究如何使基于扩散的低场到高场合成更具空间可靠性,而非仅平均意义更清晰。为此,提出可靠性引导扩散框架(ReDiff),包含两种互补的推理时机制:首先,可靠性引导采样策略在低场支持弱的区域抑制不稳定的反向扩散更新;其次,不确定性感知候选选择方案根据空间一致性与预测不确定性聚合多个随机重建结果。除了整体图像质量外,还验证了不确定性本身是否为可用的可靠性信号。在配对的64mT→3T MRI数据集上的实验表明,ReDiff在三种对比度和两个数据集上均达到最低的LPIPS值,同时在PSNR和SSIM上保持竞争力,下游分割分析显示解剖结构更好保留。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Low-field to high-field MRI synthesis has emerged as a promising strategy to improve image quality when access to high-field scanners is limited. However, in ultra-low-field settings, the degradation of anatomical detail is spatially heterogeneous: structurally ambiguous regions are more susceptible to unstable high-frequency generation, which may produce anatomically inconsistent textures and boundaries. This issue is particularly problematic when synthesized images are used for downstream quantitative analysis. We therefore study how to make diffusion-based LF-to-HF synthesis more spatially reliable, rather than only sharper on average. To this end, we propose a reliability-guided diffusion framework (ReDiff) with two complementary inference-time mechanisms. First, a reliability-guided sampling strategy attenuates unstable reverse-diffusion updates in regions with weak low-field support. Second, an uncertainty-aware candidate selection scheme aggregates multiple stochastic reconstructions according to spatial consensus and predictive uncertainty. Beyond aggregate image quality, we test whether the uncertainty is itself a usable reliability signal. Experiments on paired 64mT$\rightarrow$3T MRI datasets show that ReDiff attains the lowest LPIPS across three contrasts and two datasets while remaining competitive on PSNR and SSIM, and downstream segmentation analysis indicates better preservation of anatomical structure.
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