arXiv:2603.11328cs.ROcs.SY2026-03

多机器人追踪中自适应加权融合,提升定位不一致时的跟踪精度

Distributed Kalman--Consensus Filtering with Adaptive Uncertainty Weighting for Multi-Object Tracking in Mobile Robot Networks

  • 根据估计协方差动态调整邻居信息权重,减少不可靠数据影响
  • 在定位漂移场景下,MOTA指标提升0.09,有效抑制误匹配与虚警
  • 适合分布式多机器人系统中存在异质定位误差的场景

本文针对移动机器人网络在部分可观测性和异质定位不确定性下的多目标追踪问题,提出并评估了一种分布式卡尔曼-共识滤波器(DKCF)。核心挑战在于不同质量定位的节点间信息融合,帧对齐偏差易导致估计不一致、轨迹重复和虚轨迹。基于MOTLEE框架保留其帧对齐方法,利用持续追踪的动态物体作为临时地标以改善机器人间的相对位姿估计。在此基础上,提出一种不确定性感知的自适应共识加权机制,依据传输估计的协方差动态调节邻居信息的影响,降低不可靠数据在分布式融合中的干扰。本地追踪采用常速模型(CVM)与全局最近邻(GNN)数据关联的卡尔曼滤波器。仿真结果表明,自适应加权能有效保护局部估计,使受定位漂移影响的代理在MOTA上提升0.09,但系统性能仍受限于通信延迟。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This paper presents an implementation and evaluation of a Distributed Kalman--Consensus Filter (DKCF) for Multi-Object Tracking (MOT) in mobile robot networks operating under partial observability and heterogeneous localization uncertainty. A key challenge in such systems is the fusion of information from agents with differing localization quality, where frame misalignment can lead to inconsistent estimates, track duplication, and ghost tracks. To address this issue, we build upon the MOTLEE framework and retain its frame-alignment methodology, which uses consistently tracked dynamic objects as transient landmarks to improve relative pose estimates between robots. On top of this framework, we propose an uncertainty-aware adaptive consensus weighting mechanism that dynamically adjusts the influence of neighbor information based on the covariance of the transmitted estimates, thereby reducing the impact of unreliable data during distributed fusion. Local tracking is performed using a Kalman Filter (KF) with a Constant Velocity Model (CVM) and Global Nearest Neighbor (GNN) data association. simulation results demonstrate that adaptive weighting effectively protects local estimates from inconsistent data, yielding a MOTA improvement of 0.09 for agents suffering from localization drift, although system performance remains constrained by communication latency.

多目标追踪分布式滤波机器人网络自适应加权

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