arXiv:2603.11389cs.CV2026-03

用全局相位约束实现微米级6自由度位姿估计,突破大场景3D重建精度瓶颈。

High-Precision 6DOF Pose Estimation via Global Phase Retrieval in Fringe Projection Profilometry for 3D Mapping

论文配图:High-Precision 6DOF Pose Estimation via Global Phase Retrieval in Fringe Projection Profilometry for 3D Mapping
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过固定投影仪的相位信息构建像素级约束,无需特征提取直接求解位姿
  • 在密集点云下实现亚毫米级定位精度,且对采样率变化不敏感
  • 适合高精度工业检测与静态场景3D建模,尤其适用于低纹理表面

数字条纹投影(DFP)可实现微米级3D重建,但扩展至大场景映射时,六自由度位姿估计常难以匹配重建精度。传统ICP注册在数百万点云上效率低下,通常依赖降采样或特征选择,导致局部细节丢失并降低位姿精度。漂移校正方法虽提升长期一致性,却无法解决密集DFP点云中的采样敏感性问题。本文提出一种高精度位姿估计方法,为移动式DFP系统增加一个固定且内参标定的全局投影仪。利用全局投影仪的相位导出的像素约束和类PnP重投影目标,在固定参考系中估计位姿,无需确定性特征提取。实验验证了在坐标保持的降采样下具有采样不变性。结果表明,相对于参考基准实现亚毫米级位姿精度,不确定性边界量化明确;在激进降采样下仍具高重复性;对均质表面和低重叠视图具有鲁棒性;用于校正ICP轨迹时显著减少误差累积。该方法将DFP拓展至准静态场景(如检测与计量)的精准3D映射,代价是需额外时间复用采集投影数据。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Digital fringe projection (DFP) enables micrometer-level 3D reconstruction, yet extending it to large-scale mapping remains challenging because six-degree-of-freedom pose estimation often cannot match the reconstruction's precision. Conventional iterative closest point (ICP) registration becomes inefficient on multi-million-point clouds and typically relies on downsampling or feature-based selection, which can reduce local detail and degrade pose precision. Drift-correction methods improve long-term consistency but do not resolve sampling sensitivity in dense DFP point clouds.We propose a high-precision pose estimation method that augments a moving DFP system with a fixed, intrinsically calibrated global projector. Using the global projector's phase-derived pixel constraints and a PnP-style reprojection objective, the method estimates the DFP system pose in a fixed reference frame without relying on deterministic feature extraction, and we experimentally demonstrate sampling invariance under coordinate-preserving subsampling. Experiments demonstrate sub-millimeter pose accuracy against a reference with quantified uncertainty bounds, high repeatability under aggressive subsampling, robust operation on homogeneous surfaces and low-overlap views, and reduced error accumulation when used to correct ICP-based trajectories. The method extends DFP toward accurate 3D mapping in quasi-static scenarios such as inspection and metrology, with the trade-off of time-multiplexed acquisition for the additional projector measurements.

3D重建位姿估计条纹投影高精度测量

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