用生物启发的增强回放机制,让模型在持续学习中减少遗忘。
ARROW: Augmented Replay for RObust World models
- 采用双缓冲区设计,分别存短期记忆和多样化长期经验。
- 在无共享结构任务上遗忘率显著降低,优于同类基线方法。
- 适合需要长期记忆与知识迁移的持续强化学习场景。
持续强化学习要求智能体在习得新技能的同时保留已有知识,以提升过往与未来任务的表现。现有方法多依赖无模型策略与回放缓冲区缓解灾难性遗忘,但面临内存消耗大的问题。受神经科学启发,我们提出ARROW(Augmented Replay for Robust World models),一种基于世界模型的持续强化学习算法,扩展DreamerV3并引入高效、分布匹配的回放缓冲机制。ARROW采用双缓冲设计:短期缓冲区保存近期经验,长期缓冲区通过智能采样维持任务多样性。我们在两个具有挑战性的持续强化学习场景下评估:无共享结构的任务(Atari)和存在共享结构可实现知识迁移的任务(Procgen CoinRun变体)。相比同容量回放缓冲区的无模型与模型基基线,ARROW在无共享结构任务上表现出显著更少的遗忘,同时保持相当的正向迁移能力。结果表明,基于世界模型与生物启发机制的持续学习具有巨大潜力,值得进一步研究。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Continual reinforcement learning challenges agents to acquire new skills while retaining previously learned ones with the goal of improving performance in both past and future tasks. Most existing approaches rely on model-free methods with replay buffers to mitigate catastrophic forgetting; however, these solutions often face significant scalability challenges due to large memory demands. Drawing inspiration from neuroscience, where the brain replays experiences to a predictive World Model rather than directly to the policy, we present ARROW (Augmented Replay for RObust World models), a model-based continual RL algorithm that extends DreamerV3 with a memory-efficient, distribution-matching replay buffer. Unlike standard fixed-size FIFO buffers, ARROW maintains two complementary buffers: a short-term buffer for recent experiences and a long-term buffer that preserves task diversity through intelligent sampling. We evaluate ARROW on two challenging continual RL settings: Tasks without shared structure (Atari), and tasks with shared structure, where knowledge transfer is possible (Procgen CoinRun variants). Compared to model-free and model-based baselines with replay buffers of the same-size, ARROW demonstrates substantially less forgetting on tasks without shared structure, while maintaining comparable forward transfer. Our findings highlight the potential of model-based RL and bio-inspired approaches for continual reinforcement learning, warranting further research.
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