arXiv:2603.12185cs.RO2026-03被引 1

用新方法让机器人接触模拟快3倍,还更稳定。

ComFree-Sim: A GPU-Parallelized Analytical Contact Physics Engine for Scalable Contact-Rich Robotics Simulation and Control

  • 不靠迭代求解,直接公式计算接触力,适合显卡并行。
  • 接触越多越快,密集场景下速度提升2到3倍。
  • 适合需要快速响应的机械手抓取和实时控制任务。

接触丰富的机器人物理仿真常受制于接触求解效率:主流引擎通过互补约束或带约束优化实现非穿透与库仑摩擦,需每步迭代求解,计算开销随接触密度超线性增长。我们提出 ComFree-Sim,一个基于无互补建模的 GPU 并行解析接触物理引擎。该引擎在库仑摩擦的对偶锥空间中,通过阻抗式预测-校正更新,闭式求解接触冲量。接触计算可跨接触对解耦,并在锥面间分离,天然适配 GPU 内核,实现接触数近线性的时间复杂度。我们进一步推广至统一的 6D 接触模型,涵盖切向、扭转与滚动摩擦,并引入实用的对偶锥阻抗启发式。ComFree-Sim 基于 Warp 构建,提供兼容 MuJoCo 接口的即插即用后端,替代 MJWarp。实验对比渗透、摩擦行为、稳定性及运行时扩展性,验证其在密集接触场景下近线性扩展,吞吐量提升 2–3 倍,且物理保真度相当。我们将 ComFree-Sim 部署于真实多指 LEAP 手的实时模型预测控制(MPC)与动态感知运动重定向,证明低延迟仿真显著提升闭环成功率,支持高频率接触密集任务的实际控制。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Physics simulation for contact-rich robotics is often bottlenecked by contact resolution: mainstream engines enforce non-penetration and Coulomb friction via complementarity constraints or constrained optimization, requiring per-step iterative solves whose cost grows superlinearly with contact density. We present ComFree-Sim, a GPU-parallelized analytical contact physics engine built on complementarity-free contact modeling. ComFree-Sim computes contact impulses in closed form via an impedance-style prediction--correction update in the dual cone of Coulomb friction. Contact computation decouples across contact pairs and becomes separable across cone facets, mapping naturally to GPU kernels and yielding near-linear runtime scaling with the number of contacts. We further extend the formulation to a unified 6D contact model capturing tangential, torsional, and rolling friction, and introduce a practical dual-cone impedance heuristic. ComFree-Sim is implemented in Warp and exposed through a MuJoCo-compatible interface as a drop-in backend alternative to MuJoCo Warp (MJWarp). Experiments benchmark penetration, friction behaviors, stability, and simulation runtime scaling against MJWarp, demonstrating near-linear scaling and 2--3 times higher throughput in dense contact scenes with comparable physical fidelity. We deploy ComFree-Sim in real-time MPC for in-hand dexterous manipulation on a real-world multi-fingered LEAP hand and in dynamics-aware motion retargeting, demonstrating that low-latency simulation yields higher closed-loop success rates and enables practical high-frequency control in contact-rich tasks.

机器人仿真接触力学GPU加速实时控制

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