arXiv:2603.12421cs.CV2026-03被引 1

将逻辑推理与神经网络结合,让自动驾驶决策更安全可解释

A Neuro-Symbolic Framework Combining Inductive and Deductive Reasoning for Autonomous Driving Planning

  • 用大模型提取场景规则,用逻辑求解器做确定性决策
  • 在nuScenes上碰撞率降至0.075%,轨迹误差仅0.57米
  • 适合追求高安全性和可解释性的自动驾驶研究者

现有端到端自动驾驶模型主要依赖数据驱动的归纳推理,其'黑箱'特性在复杂长尾场景中缺乏可解释性与绝对安全性保障。为此,我们提出一种新型神经符号轨迹规划框架,将严格演绎推理无缝融入端到端神经网络。具体而言,该框架利用大语言模型(LLM)动态提取场景规则,并采用答案集编程(ASP)求解器进行确定性逻辑仲裁,生成安全且可追溯的离散驾驶决策。为弥合离散符号与连续轨迹之间的鸿沟,引入决策条件解码机制,将高层逻辑决策转化为可学习嵌入向量,同时约束规划查询与可微自行车运动学模型(KBM)的初始速度。通过结合KBM生成的物理基线轨迹与神经残差修正,本方法天然保证运动学可行性并实现高度透明性。在nuScenes基准上,相比最先进基线MomAD,本方法将平均L2误差降至0.57米,碰撞率降低至0.075%,轨迹预测一致性(TPC)优化至0.47米。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Existing end-to-end autonomous driving models rely heavily on purely data-driven inductive reasoning. This "black-box" nature leads to a lack of interpretability and absolute safety guarantees in complex, long-tail scenarios. To overcome this bottleneck, we propose a novel neuro-symbolic trajectory planning framework that seamlessly integrates rigorous deductive reasoning into end-to-end neural networks. Specifically, our framework utilizes a Large Language Model (LLM) to dynamically extract scene rules and employs an Answer Set Programming (ASP) solver for deterministic logical arbitration, generating safe and traceable discrete driving decisions. To bridge the gap between discrete symbols and continuous trajectories, we introduce a decision-conditioned decoding mechanism that transforms high-level logical decisions into learnable embedding vectors, simultaneously constraining the planning query and the physical initial velocity of a differentiable Kinematic Bicycle Model (KBM). By combining KBM-generated physical baseline trajectories with neural residual corrections, our approach inherently guarantees kinematic feasibility while ensuring a high degree of transparency. On the nuScenes benchmark, our method comprehensively outperforms the state-of-the-art baseline MomAD, reducing the L2 mean error to 0.57 m, decreasing the collision rate to 0.075%, and optimizing trajectory prediction consistency (TPC) to 0.47 m.

自动驾驶神经符号逻辑推理轨迹规划

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