arXiv:2603.12794cs.LGmath.FA2026-03

用分数阶核提升SVM抗噪能力,误差降50%。

A Fractional Fox H-Function Kernel for Support Vector Machines: Robust Classification via Weighted Transmutation Operators

  • 基于分数阶扩散方程构造非平稳核,引入遗忘加权机制。
  • 在雷达数据上比高斯核误差降低约50%,且抗异常值能力强。
  • 适合处理含噪声的高维数据,尤其适用于信号分类任务。

支持向量机(SVM)的性能高度依赖核函数将数据映射到高维特征空间。尽管高斯径向基函数(RBF)是行业标准,但其指数衰减特性使其极易受结构噪声和离群点影响,导致复杂数据集上严重过拟合。本文提出一类源自广义时-空分数阶扩散波方程基本解的新颖非平稳核。通过在加权索博列夫空间上采用保持结构的变性方法,我们引入了记忆遗忘型狐狸核(Amnesia-Weighted Fox Kernel),这是一种由狐狸H函数精确解析定义的默瑟核。与标准核不同,该形式引入了衰老权重函数(“遗忘效应”)以惩罚远距离离群点,并采用分数阶渐近幂律衰减,实现鲁棒的重尾特征映射(类似莱维飞行)。在合成数据集和真实世界高维雷达数据(Ionosphere)上的数值实验表明,所提记忆遗忘型狐狸核始终优于标准高斯RBF基线,分类误差率降低约50%,同时保持对离群点的结构鲁棒性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Support Vector Machines (SVMs) rely heavily on the choice of the kernel function to map data into high-dimensional feature spaces. While the Gaussian Radial Basis Function (RBF) is the industry standard, its exponential decay makes it highly susceptible to structural noise and outliers, often leading to severe overfitting in complex datasets. In this paper, we propose a novel class of non-stationary kernels derived from the fundamental solution of the generalized time-space fractional diffusion-wave equation. By leveraging a structure-preserving transmutation method over Weighted Sobolev Spaces, we introduce the Amnesia-Weighted Fox Kernel, an exact analytical Mercer kernel governed by the Fox H-function. Unlike standard kernels, our formulation incorporates an aging weight function (the "Amnesia Effect") to penalize distant outliers and a fractional asymptotic power-law decay to allow for robust, heavy-tailed feature mapping (analogous to Lévy flights). Numerical experiments on both synthetic datasets and real-world high-dimensional radar data (Ionosphere) demonstrate that the proposed Amnesia-Weighted Fox Kernel consistently outperforms the standard Gaussian RBF baseline, reducing the classification error rate by approximately 50\% while maintaining structural robustness against outliers.

SVM分数阶核方法雷达分类

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