针对农田机器人路径规划瓶颈,提出资源优先的分段规划方法提升效率。
Route Fragmentation Based on Resource-centric Prioritisation for Efficient Multi-Robot Path Planning in Agricultural Environments
- 以资源为中心,通过路径分段实现部分推进
- 在3.6公里地图上达95%最优任务吞吐率
- 适合长期部署于通道密集的农业环境
农业环境存在大量空间密集的导航瓶颈,影响农业移动机器人的长期导航与作业规划。现有以代理为中心的多机器人路径规划(MRPP)方法从个体角度解决冲突,而非从竞争资源的角度。此外,此类争用的高密度限制了空间交错这一多数规划器依赖的高吞吐机制。本文提出两种基于优先级的分段规划器(Fragment Planner, FP)变体,作为以资源为中心的MRPP算法,利用路径分段实现部分路径推进,并减少二元等待的影响。在代表商业多隧道环境的3.6公里拓扑地图上进行长期仿真评估,对比5种基线算法,不同规模机器人车队表现。分段规划器在吞吐量上显著优于优先规划(PP)和基于优先级搜索(PBS)算法,并在相同时间内达到95%的最优任务吞吐率。结果表明,在以通道为主导的农业环境中,长期部署农业机器人必须采用以资源为中心的MRPP方法才能实现高效运营规划。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Agricultural environments present high proportions of spatially dense navigation bottlenecks for long-term navigation and operational planning of agricultural mobile robots. The existing agent-centric multi-robot path planning (MRPP) approaches resolve conflicts from the perspective of agents, rather than from the resources under contention. Further, the density of such contentions limits the capabilities of spatial interleaving, a concept that many planners rely on to achieve high throughput. In this work, two variants of the priority-based Fragment Planner (FP) are presented as resource-centric MRPP algorithms that leverage route fragmentation to enable partial route progression and limit the impact of binary-based waiting. These approaches are evaluated in lifelong simulation over a 3.6km topological map representing a commercial polytunnel environment. Their performances are contrasted against 5 baseline algorithms with varying robotic fleet sizes. The Fragment Planners achieved significant gains in throughput compared with Prioritised Planning (PP) and Priority-Based Search (PBS) algorithms. They further demonstrated a task throughput of 95% of the optimal task throughput over the same time period. This work shows that, for long-term deployment of agricultural robots in corridor-dominant agricultural environments, resource-centric MRPP approaches are a necessity for high-efficacy operational planning.
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