arXiv:2603.13269cs.CYcs.AI2026-03

教师初试生成式AI,学生作业表现提升但使用热情下降。

GenAI Integration into Engineering Education: A Case Study of an Introductory Undergraduate Engineering Course

  • 教师与助教在课程中试点生成式AI辅助教学。
  • 学生形成性练习成绩整体提升,初期使用热情高。
  • 适合教育科技探索者及高校教学改革实践参考。

生成式AI有望提升工程教育中的教与学效果。例如,AI提供的反馈是否有效取决于提供时机。然而,尚不清楚工程教师在首次尝试该技术时如何发现其潜力。本研究通过嵌入式单案例描述性研究设计,探讨了一位工程教师及其七名助教在本科课程中整合生成式AI的初步经验,以及学生形成性练习表现的变化。研究数据包括学期初、中、末期开展的四次访谈,以及学生形成性练习成绩。总体来看,引入生成式AI后,学生形成性练习表现有所提升;教师对如何将生成式AI融入教学的批判性反思提供了有价值的见解。然而,技术整合仍停留在替代原有教学方法或提高编程问题解决效率的层面。尽管学生最初对在作业中使用生成式AI感到兴奋和意外,但使用热情随时间减弱。研究结果表明,工程教育工作者初次实验生成式AI整合的经验具有启发性,能提供情境化实践洞见。因此,高等教育机构应鼓励此类探索,尤其是在新兴技术尚不明确的情况下。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

GenAI has a potential to enhance the learning and teaching processes in engineering education. For instance, GenAI feedback on students' task performance can be effective depending on when such feedback is provided. However, little is known about how engineering faculty and instructors discover such potential within the scope of their instruction when they try out the technology for the first time. To this end, this study purported to describe an engineering instructor's and seven teaching assistants' initial experiences of integrating GenAI into their undergraduate engineering course and the corresponding changes in students' formative exercise performance. An embedded descriptive single case study design was employed. The corresponding research data included four interviews conducted at the beginning, middle and end of an academic semester, and students' formative exercise performance. Overall, after GenAI integration, students' formative exercise performance increased, and a critical and reflective practice of learning about how to integrate GenAI into instruction provided informative insights. Still, technology integration stayed at the level of replacing other instructional methods or increasing the efficiency of solving coding problems. It turned out to be exciting and surprising for students to be able to use GenAI in course work even though their use of the technology weakened over time. Our findings suggest that engineering teaching staff's initial experimental experiences with GenAI integration can be informative and provide context-specific practical insights. Therefore, it is reasonable for higher education institutions to encourage such experiences especially when there is a lot of unknown regarding an emerging technology.

生成式AI工程教育教学改革

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