针对遥感影像光谱漂移问题,提出局部精准微调框架,提升模型泛化能力。
Local Precise Refinement: A Dual-Gated Mixture-of-Experts for Enhancing Foundation Model Generalization against Spectral Shifts
- 采用双门控专家混合架构,分路处理视觉与深度特征进行局部精细调整。
- 在多个遥感数据集上实现新最优性能,显著降低光谱变化导致的语义混淆。
- 适合需要应对复杂光照与传感器差异的遥感图像分割任务研究者。
光谱遥感中的领域泛化语义分割(DGSS)受不同采集条件下光谱漂移严重影响,导致模型在未见域上性能大幅下降。尽管微调基础模型是可行方向,但现有方法多采用全局、统一的调整策略,难以应对地表覆盖的空间异质性,引发语义混淆。本文认为,提升鲁棒性关键不在于单一全局适应,而在于对基础模型特征进行细粒度、空间自适应的精修。为此,提出SpectralMoE框架,通过混合专家(MoE)结构实现对特征的局部精确微调,利用选定的RGB波段估算的深度特征引导微调过程。具体地,SpectralMoE采用双门控MoE架构,独立路由视觉与深度特征至top-k专家进行专业化精修,并通过跨注意力机制将优化后的结构信息融合回视觉流,缓解光谱变化引起的语义模糊。大量实验表明,SpectralMoE在多组超光谱、多光谱及RGB遥感图像的DGSS基准上均达到新最优水平。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Domain Generalization Semantic Segmentation (DGSS) in spectral remote sensing is severely challenged by spectral shifts across diverse acquisition conditions, which cause significant performance degradation for models deployed in unseen domains. While fine-tuning foundation models is a promising direction, existing methods employ global, homogeneous adjustments. This "one-size-fits-all" tuning struggles with the spatial heterogeneity of land cover, causing semantic confusion. We argue that the key to robust DGSS lies not in a single global adaptation, but in performing fine-grained, spatially-adaptive refinement of a foundation model's features. To achieve this, we propose SpectralMoE, a novel fine-tuning framework for DGSS. It operationalizes this principle by utilizing a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture to perform \textbf{local precise refinement} on the foundation model's features, incorporating depth features estimated from selected RGB bands of the spectral remote sensing imagery to guide the fine-tuning process. Specifically, SpectralMoE employs a dual-gated MoE architecture that independently routes visual and depth features to top-k selected experts for specialized refinement, enabling modality-specific adjustments. A subsequent cross-attention mechanism then judiciously fuses the refined structural cues into the visual stream, mitigating semantic ambiguities caused by spectral variations. Extensive experiments show that SpectralMoE sets a new state-of-the-art on multiple DGSS benchmarks across hyperspectral, multispectral, and RGB remote sensing imagery.
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