用小波变换压缩感知数据,通信量减86%仍保持高精度。
WaveComm: Lightweight Communication for Collaborative Perception via Wavelet Feature Distillation
- 通过小波分解只传低频特征,大幅降低通信开销。
- 在OPV2V和DAIR-V2X上通信量降至原86.3%~87.0%仍保持先进性能。
- 轻量化重建器+多尺度蒸馏损失,适合带宽受限的协同感知场景。
在多智能体协同感知系统中,信息交换带来的巨大通信开销严重制约了可扩展性和实时性,尤其在带宽受限环境下。为此,本文提出WaveComm,一种基于小波变换的通信框架,在低带宽场景下显著降低传输负载同时保持感知性能。核心思想是利用离散小波变换(DWT)分解特征图,仅传输紧凑的低频成分,舍弃高频细节,并在接收端通过轻量化生成器重建。采用多尺度蒸馏(MSD)损失优化像素、结构、语义和分布层级的重建质量。在基于激光雷达和摄像头的OPV2V与DAIR-V2X数据集上的实验表明,当通信量分别减少至原始的86.3%和87.0%时,仍能保持当前最优性能。相比现有方法,WaveComm在通信效率与感知准确率之间实现更优平衡。消融实验证明了其关键组件的有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In multi-agent collaborative sensing systems, substantial communication overhead from information exchange significantly limits scalability and real-time performance, especially in bandwidth-constrained environments. This often results in degraded performance and reduced reliability. To address this challenge, we propose WaveComm, a wavelet-based communication framework that drastically reduces transmission loads while preserving sensing performance in low-bandwidth scenarios. The core innovation of WaveComm lies in decomposing feature maps using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), transmitting only compact low-frequency components to minimize communication overhead. High-frequency details are omitted, and their effects are reconstructed at the receiver side using a lightweight generator. A Multi-Scale Distillation (MSD) Loss is employed to optimize the reconstruction quality across pixel, structural, semantic, and distributional levels. Experiments on the OPV2V and DAIR-V2X datasets for LiDAR-based and camera-based perception tasks demonstrate that WaveComm maintains state-of-the-art performance even when the communication volume is reduced to 86.3% and 87.0% of the original, respectively. Compared to existing approaches, WaveComm achieves competitive improvements in both communication efficiency and perception accuracy. Ablation studies further validate the effectiveness of its key components.
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