arXiv:2603.13545cs.AIcs.CL2026-03中稿 · publication as a c…被引 2

AI难写好小说,因叙事逻辑、信息重解与情感架构三重难题。

The AI Fiction Paradox

  • 提出叙事因果、信息重估、多尺度情感三重生成障碍
  • 揭示现有模型无法协调情节意外性与事后必然性
  • 适合关注AI创作边界与伦理风险的研究者

AI发展依赖虚构类文本,但当前模型仍难以生成引人入胜的长篇小说,形成所谓「AI-小说悖论」。本文从三个层面解析其根源:第一,小说依赖「叙事因果」——事件需在当下令人意外,事后又显必然,而自回归生成逐句推进,难以协调长程逻辑;第二,存在「信息重估」挑战——早期细节需随剧情发展重新解读,当前系统对此类长程推理表现不可靠;第三,基于七年情感弧研究,指出真正打动人心的小说需在词、句、场景与整体情节层级同步构建多尺度情感结构。上述挑战既解释了为何开发者仍愿投入大量现代书籍训练,也说明为何高质量长篇虚构作品仍难复现。该分析更警示:一旦突破这些障碍,掌握人类认知与情感模式的AI将不仅具备创作能力,更可能成为大规模操纵人类行为的强大工具。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

AI development has a fiction dependency problem. Developers have treated large corpora of modern books, including fiction, as valuable enough to accept substantial cost and legal risk, yet current models still struggle to generate compelling long-form fiction. I term this the "AI-Fiction Paradox," and it is particularly startling because training data strongly shapes model output. This paper offers a theoretically precise account of why fiction resists AI generation by identifying three distinct challenges for current systems. First, fiction depends on what I call narrative causation, a form of plot logic where events must feel both surprising in the moment and retrospectively inevitable. Standard autoregressive generation commits to prose sequentially, creating a practical obstacle to coordinating local surprise with retrospective inevitability across a long narrative. Second, I identify an informational revaluation challenge: fiction repeatedly requires the significance of earlier details to be reinterpreted in light of later developments, a form of long-range reasoning that current systems perform unreliably. Third, drawing on over seven years of collaborative research on sentiment arcs, I argue that fiction that moves us requires multi-scale emotional architecture, the orchestration of sentiment at word, sentence, scene, and arc levels simultaneously. Together, these three challenges help explain both why developers have sought large modern book corpora and why compelling long-form fiction remains so difficult to replicate. The analysis also raises urgent questions about what happens when these challenges are overcome. Fiction concentrates unusually powerful cognitive and emotional patterns for modeling human behavior, and mastery of these patterns by AI systems would represent not just a creative achievement but a potent vehicle for human manipulation at scale.

小说生成叙事逻辑情感架构

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