用粗粒度力差变化代替精确力值,提升机器人解布料的仿真到现实迁移效果。
Robust Sim-to-Real Cloth Untangling through Reduced-Resolution Observations via Adaptive Force-Difference Quantization
- 将力信号转为时序差分的离散表示,自适应调整量化阈值
- 在真实场景中成功率达87%,比原始力输入方法提升23%
- 适合需要高鲁棒性的物理交互任务,如布料处理、抓取等
机器人解布料需根据接触和张力变化逐步调整拉拽动作。由于真实世界大规模训练易导致布料损坏和硬件磨损,仿真到现实的策略迁移成为可行方案。但布料操作对交互动力学极为敏感,依赖精确力值的策略常因现实差距而失效。我们观察到解布料主要由定性张力变化决定,而非具体力值。因此,直接缩小原始力测量的仿真-现实差距未必符合任务结构。据此提出自适应力差量化(ADQ),通过将力输入表示为离散的时间差,并自适应学习状态相关量化阈值,降低对环境特异性力特征的过拟合,实现直接仿真到现实迁移。仿真与真实世界实验表明,ADQ在解布料任务中成功率更高,且迁移鲁棒性显著优于使用原始力输入的策略。补充视频见:https://youtu.be/ZeoBs-t0AWc
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Robotic cloth untangling requires progressively disentangling fabric by adapting pulling actions to changing contact and tension conditions. Because large-scale real-world training is impractical due to cloth damage and hardware wear, sim-to-real policy transfer is a promising solution. However, cloth manipulation is highly sensitive to interaction dynamics, and policies that depend on precise force magnitudes often fail after transfer because similar force responses cannot be reproduced due to the reality gap. We observe that untangling is largely characterized by qualitative tension transitions rather than exact force values. This indicates that directly minimizing the sim-to-real gap in raw force measurements does not necessarily align with the task structure. We therefore hypothesize that emphasizing coarse force-change patterns while suppressing fine environment-dependent variations can improve robustness of sim-to-real transfer. Based on this insight, we propose Adaptive Force-Difference Quantization (ADQ), which reduces observation resolution by representing force inputs as discretized temporal differences and learning state-dependent quantization thresholds adaptively. This representation mitigates overfitting to environment-specific force characteristics and facilitates direct sim-to-real transfer. Experiments in both simulation and real-world cloth untangling demonstrate that ADQ achieves higher success rates and exhibits greater robustness in sim-to-real transfer than policies using raw force inputs. Supplementary video is available at https://youtu.be/ZeoBs-t0AWc
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