arXiv:2603.14031cs.CV2026-03被引 1

通过重优化外部参数,弥补内部标定误差,保持三维重建亚毫米精度。

Intrinsic Tolerance in C-Arm Imaging: How Extrinsic Re-optimization Preserves 3D Reconstruction Accuracy

  • 用外部参数重优化补偿内部标定偏差,提升系统鲁棒性。
  • 焦距误差达500像素时,3D重建误差仍低于0.2毫米。
  • 适合临床场景中简化标定流程的工程师与医生使用。

C臂透视的三维重建依赖精确的内参标定,但临床实践中常难实现。本研究通过重优化外参来补偿内参误差,确保高精度重建。实验在五套商用C臂系统上进行,内参参数按预设梯度扰动:焦距增加100至700像素(约20毫米至140毫米),主点偏移20至200像素。对每组扰动,基于已知体模几何结构重建3D点,再通过标准优化重新估计外参,并测量相对于真值的重建误差与重投影误差。结果表明,即使焦距误差达500像素(约100毫米,以名义焦距约1000毫米计),平均3D重建误差仍低于0.2毫米;焦距误差达700像素时,误差仅升至约0.3毫米。主点偏移200像素时,经外参重优化后重建误差可忽略,重投影误差增幅低于0.5像素。结论:适度的内参误差可通过外参重优化有效缓解,保持亚毫米级3D重建精度。该内在容错性为降低标定精度要求提供了可行路径,有助于简化系统部署流程,减轻临床工作负担而不牺牲性能。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

\textbf{Purpose:} C-arm fluoroscopy's 3D reconstruction relies on accurate intrinsic calibration, which is often challenging in clinical practice. This study ensures high-precision reconstruction accuracy by re-optimizing the extrinsic parameters to compensate for intrinsic calibration errors. \noindent\textbf{Methods:} We conducted both simulation and real-world experiments using five commercial C-arm systems. Intrinsic parameters were perturbed in controlled increments. Focal length was increased by 100 to 700 pixels ($\approx$20 mm to 140 mm) and principal point by 20 to 200 pixels. For each perturbation, we (1) reconstructed 3D points from known phantom geometries, (2) re-estimated extrinsic poses using standard optimization, and (3) measured reconstruction and reprojection errors relative to ground truth. \noindent\textbf{Results:} Even with focal length errors up to 500 pixels ($\approx$100 mm, assuming a nominal focal length of $\sim$1000 mm), mean 3D reconstruction error remained under 0.2 mm. Larger focal length deviations (700 pixels) elevated error to only $\approx$0.3 mm. Principal point shifts up to 200 pixels introduced negligible reconstruction error once extrinsic parameters were re-optimized, with reprojection error increases below 0.5 pixels. \noindent\textbf{Conclusion:} Moderate errors in intrinsic calibration can be effectively mitigated by extrinsic re-optimization, preserving submillimeter 3D reconstruction accuracy. This intrinsic tolerance suggests a practical pathway to relax calibration precision requirements, thereby simplifying C-arm system setup and reducing clinical workflow burden without compromising performance.

医学成像3D重建标定误差鲁棒性

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