arXiv:2603.14160cs.RO2026-03

用视频教机器人做康复训练,自动适配患者身体,还能安全自适应调整进度。

See, Learn, Assist: Safe and Self-Paced Robotic Rehabilitation via Video-Based Learning from Demonstration

  • 通过6自由度动作原语编码视频示范,实现跨体型的空间精准复现。
  • 轨迹误差仅3.7厘米,活动范围误差5.5度,动态抗干扰能力出色。
  • 适合远程康复教学,尤其适用于需要安全自适应的物理治疗场景。

本文提出一种新框架,使治疗师可通过RGB-D视频远程教授机器人辅助康复训练。系统使用笛卡尔动态运动基元(DMPs)将示范编码为6-DoF体中心轨迹,确保在不同患者体型下实现无姿态依赖的空间泛化。关键在于,采用解耦式混合控制架构,构建空间柔性虚拟隧道,并结合基于努力程度的时间拉伸机制。该架构可动态适配被动、主动辅助与主动抗阻三种康复模式,根据患者切向力贡献调整执行阶段。为保障安全,系统实时学习患者肢体的高斯混合回归(GMR)模型,检测异常交互力并必要时反向轨迹以防止损伤。实验验证表明,系统轨迹再现误差平均为3.7厘米,活动范围(ROM)误差为5.5度。动态交互测试确认控制器能有效维持努力驱动进展,同时严格保持空间路径不受人体干扰影响。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In this paper, we propose a novel framework that allows therapists to teach robot-assisted rehabilitation exercises remotely via RGB-D video. Our system encodes demonstrations as 6-DoF body-centric trajectories using Cartesian Dynamic Movement Primitives (DMPs), ensuring accurate posture-independent spatial generalisation across diverse patient anatomies. Crucially, we execute these trajectories through a decoupled hybrid control architecture that constructs a spatially compliant virtual tunnel, paired with an effort-based temporal dilation mechanism. This architecture is applied to three distinct rehabilitation modalities: Passive, Active-Assisted, and Active-Resistive, by dynamically linking the exercise's execution phase to the patient's tangential force contribution. To guarantee safety, a Gaussian Mixture Regression (GMR) model is learned on-the-fly from the patient's own limb. This allows the detection of abnormal interaction forces and, if necessary, reverses the trajectory to prevent injury. Experimental validation demonstrates the system's precision, achieving an average trajectory reproduction error of 3.7cm and a range of motion (ROM) error of 5.5 degrees. Furthermore, dynamic interaction trials confirm that the controller successfully enforces effort-based progression while maintaining strict spatial path adherence against human disturbances.

康复机器人动作学习安全控制远程治疗

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