一个模型搞定所有表格数据异常检测,一次训练通吃多个领域。
Towards One-for-All Anomaly Detection for Tabular Data
- 用邻居距离模式作为可迁移特征,多视角融合提升鲁棒性。
- 34个跨领域数据集上表现超越现有方法,泛化能力突出。
- 适合需要快速部署、跨场景应用的工业异常检测场景。
表格异常检测(TAD)旨在识别表格数据中偏离多数样本的异常条目,在众多实际应用中至关重要。然而,现有方法遵循“一数据集一模型”范式,依赖特定数据集训练,导致计算成本高且难以泛化至未见领域。为此,我们提出OFA-TAD——一种通用的一对多(OFA)TAD框架,仅需在多个源数据集上进行一次性训练,即可在无需重新训练的情况下实时适应未见过的多样化领域数据。为实现这一目标,OFA-TAD提取邻居距离模式作为可迁移线索,并引入多变换诱导度量空间下的多视角邻居距离表示,以缓解距离特征对变换的敏感性。为自适应融合多视角距离证据,采用混合专家(MoE)评分网络进行视图特异性异常打分,并通过熵正则化门控融合;同时设计多策略异常合成机制,支持在单类约束下有效训练。在来自14个领域的34个数据集上的大量实验表明,OFA-TAD在严格的OFA设置下实现了卓越的异常检测性能与强大的跨域泛化能力。源代码已公开于 https://github.com/Shiy-Li/OFA-TAD。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Tabular anomaly detection (TAD) aims to identify samples that deviate from the majority in tabular data and is critical in many real-world applications. However, existing methods follow a ``one model for one dataset (OFO)'' paradigm, which relies on dataset-specific training and thus incurs high computational cost and yields limited generalization to unseen domains. To address these limitations, we propose OFA-TAD, a generalist one-for-all (OFA) TAD framework that only requires one-time training on multiple source datasets and can generalize to unseen datasets from diverse domains on-the-fly. To realize one-for-all tabular anomaly detection, OFA-TAD extracts neighbor-distance patterns as transferable cues, and introduces multi-view neighbor-distance representations from multiple transformation-induced metric spaces to mitigate the transformation sensitivity of distance profiles. To adaptively combine multi-view distance evidence, a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) scoring network is employed for view-specific anomaly scoring and entropy-regularized gated fusion, with a multi-strategy anomaly synthesis mechanism to support training under the one-class constraint. Extensive experiments on 34 datasets from 14 domains demonstrate that OFA-TAD achieves superior anomaly detection performance and strong cross-domain generalizability under the strict OFA setting. The source code is available at https://github.com/Shiy-Li/OFA-TAD.
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