高保真模拟工具,助力微重力环境下小卫星近距离操作算法研发。
SmallSatSim: A High-Fidelity Simulation and Training Toolkit for Microgravity Robotic Close Proximity Operations
- 基于MuJoCo和JAX构建高精度物理仿真,支持自由飞行控制
- 集成GPU加速与故障模型,可并行测试安全控制策略
- 开源工具适合航天机器人、自主导航研究者使用
微重力环境下的交会与近距离操作(RPO)在轨制造、空间碎片清理及小天体探测中日益重要。由于缺乏重力,自由飞行机器人面临控制与规划挑战,如无支撑操作、失效下规划及复杂运动体动力学建模。为此,我们提出SmallSatSim,一个基于MuJoCo物理引擎的高保真仿真框架,可精确模拟局部微重力条件下小卫星的RPO动态,支持模型扰动与外部干扰。系统内置先进自由飞行控制方法,采用基于MuJoCo MJX与JAX的GPU加速流水线,适用于采样与学习类仿真任务。支持可配置故障模型,用于评估对抗条件下的安全控制策略。结合可视化、日志记录与GPU并行化,全面提升RPO算法测试能力。本文介绍其功能与典型应用场景,并演示了其在自主机器人规划与控制中的应用。该开源工具旨在加速自主敏捷小卫星操作研究。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Microgravity rendezvous and close proximity operations (RPO) is a growing area of interest for applications spanning in-space assembly and manufacturing (ISAM), orbital debris remediation, and small body exploration. Microgravity environments present unique challenges for robotic control and planning algorithms for new agile RPO mission scenarios like free-floating manipulation, planning under failure, and estimating high-fidelity dynamics of tumbling bodies. To facilitate the development and testing of novel RPO algorithms, we introduce SmallSatSim, a high-fidelity simulation toolkit that leverages the MuJoCo physics engine to accurately model small satellite RPO dynamics in local microgravity robotic free-flight settings, including under model disturbances and perturbations. The framework includes cutting edge out-of-the-box free-flyer control techniques. A GPU-accelerated pipeline using MuJoCo MJX and JAX is implemented for sampling- and learning-based simulation uses cases. SmallSatSim also supports configurable failure models, enabling the evaluation of safe control strategies under adversarial conditions. Visualization, logging, and GPU-enabled parallelization further enhance SmallSatSim's capability for RPO testing. We outline SmallSatSim's features and intended use cases, and demonstrate its use for robotic RPO planning and control. The open-sourced toolkit aims to accelerate research in autonomous, agile robotic small satellite operations.
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