arXiv:2603.15262cs.AI2026-03

让搜索计划实时感知库存和检索结果,提升电商搜索精准度。

Probe-then-Plan: Environment-Aware Planning for Industrial E-commerce Search

  • 先探查环境再规划,避免生成无效搜索方案。
  • 在线测试显示转化率与商品交易额显著提升。
  • 适合对响应速度和准确性要求高的工业级搜索系统。

现代电商搜索正演变为解决复杂用户意图的挑战。尽管大语言模型具备强大推理能力,现有基于大模型的范式面临盲点与延迟的矛盾:查询重写忽略检索能力和实时库存,导致无效计划;而深度搜索代理依赖迭代工具调用与反思,延迟达秒级,不满足工业级亚秒预算。为此,我们提出环境感知搜索规划(EASP),将搜索规划重构为基于真实环境动态推理的过程。EASP引入探查-规划机制:轻量级检索探查暴露当前检索快照,使规划器诊断执行差距并生成可落地的搜索计划。方法包含三阶段:(1) 离线数据合成:教师代理通过诊断探查环境生成多样且可执行的计划;(2) 规划器训练与对齐:规划器经监督微调内化诊断能力,并通过强化学习对齐业务目标(转化率);(3) 自适应在线服务:基于复杂度的路由机制仅对复杂查询激活规划,实现资源最优分配。大规模离线评估与京东线上A/B测试表明,EASP显著提升相关召回率,并带来显著的用户点击转化率(UCVR)与商品交易总额(GMV)增长。EASP已成功部署于京东AI搜索系统。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Modern e-commerce search is evolving to resolve complex user intents. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer strong reasoning, existing LLM-based paradigms face a fundamental blindness-latency dilemma: query rewriting is agnostic to retrieval capabilities and real-time inventory, yielding invalid plans; conversely, deep search agents rely on iterative tool calls and reflection, incurring seconds of latency incompatible with industrial sub-second budgets. To resolve this conflict, we propose Environment-Aware Search Planning (EASP), reformulating search planning as a dynamic reasoning process grounded in environmental reality. EASP introduces a Probe-then-Plan mechanism: a lightweight Retrieval Probe exposes the retrieval snapshot, enabling the Planner to diagnose execution gaps and generate grounded search plans. The methodology comprises three stages: (1) Offline Data Synthesis: A Teacher Agent synthesizes diverse, execution-validated plans by diagnosing the probed environment. (2) Planner Training and Alignment: The Planner is initialized via Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) to internalize diagnostic capabilities, then aligned with business outcomes (conversion rate) via Reinforcement Learning (RL). (3) Adaptive Online Serving: A complexity-aware routing mechanism selectively activates planning for complex queries, ensuring optimal resource allocation. Extensive offline evaluations and online A/B testing on JD.com demonstrate that EASP significantly improves relevant recall and achieves substantial lifts in UCVR and GMV. EASP has been successfully deployed in JD.com's AI-Search system.

搜索系统大模型应用电商优化

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