用动态门控机制提升低成本惯导精度,减少静止时漂移。
GNIO: Gated Neural Inertial Odometry
- 引入可学习的运动库与门控预测头,增强上下文感知能力
- 在OxIOD数据集上轨迹误差降低60.21%,优于现有模型
- 特别适合频繁启停、速度不规则的复杂运动场景
基于低成本MEMS传感器的惯性导航因传感器噪声和偏差不稳定导致快速漂移。尽管近期数据驱动方法取得进展,但在静止期仍存在微小漂移,且复杂运动转换时模式融合困难,根源在于依赖固定窗口回归。本文提出门控神经惯性里程计(GNIO),一种新型学习框架,显式建模运动有效性与上下文信息。核心创新包括:1)可学习运动库,从全局运动模式字典中检索语义上下文,超越局部感受野;2)门控预测头,将位移分解为幅度与方向,实现软可微零速度更新(ZUPT),动态抑制静止期传感器噪声,同时在动态运动中放大预测。在四个公开基准上的大量实验表明,GNIO显著降低位置漂移,相比先进CNN与Transformer基线表现更优。尤其在OxIOD数据集上,轨迹误差减少60.21%,且在频繁停顿与不规则速度场景中展现出更强泛化能力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Inertial navigation using low-cost MEMS sensors is plagued by rapid drift due to sensor noise and bias instability. While recent data-driven approaches have made significant strides, they often struggle with micro-drifts during stationarity and mode fusion during complex motion transitions due to their reliance on fixed-window regression. In this work, we introduce Gated Neural Inertial Odometry (GNIO), a novel learning-based framework that explicitly models motion validity and context. We propose two key architectural innovations: \ding{182} a learnable Motion Bank that queries a global dictionary of motion patterns to provide semantic context beyond the local receptive field, and \ding{183} a Gated Prediction Head that decomposes displacement into magnitude and direction. This gating mechanism acts as a soft, differentiable Zero-Velocity Update (ZUPT), dynamically suppressing sensor noise during stationary periods while scaling predictions during dynamic motion. Extensive experiments across four public benchmarks demonstrate that GNIO significantly reduces position drift compared to state-of-the-art CNN and Transformer-based baselines. Notably, GNIO achieves a $60.21\%$ reduction in trajectory error on the OxIOD dataset and exhibits superior generalization in challenging scenarios involving frequent stops and irregular motion speeds.
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