构建60年法语广播语音库，分析年龄性别对发音演变的影响
spINAch: A Diachronic Corpus of French Broadcast Speech Controlled for Speakers' Age and Gender
- 基于60年法语广播录音，按年龄与性别平衡构建大规模语料库
- 分析超300万元音，发现语音基频无性别差异，/a/与/ɑ/对立减弱
- 适合语音演变、社会语言学研究者使用，支持音系与语音学分析
我们提出spINAch，一个涵盖1955至2015年共60年的法语广播语音历时语料库，包含超过2000名说话者、320小时以上的录音，按性别和年龄（20-95岁）均衡分布。语料库通过声学质量筛选，经自动转录与音位对齐，支持音素层面研究。超过300万个人类元音被分析，提取其基频与共振峰。研究显示，该语料库可揭示语音演变现象：如基频随时间变化无性别差异，巴黎法语中/a/-/ɑ/对立呈现弱化趋势。语料库已开放供学术研究使用，为巴黎法语的历时语音变化研究提供关键数据支持。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We present spINAch, a large diachronic corpus of French speech from radio and television archives, balanced by speakers' gender, age (20-95 years old), and spanning 60 years from 1955 to 2015. The dataset includes over 320 hours of recordings from more than two thousand speakers. The methodology for building the corpus is described, focusing on the quality of collected samples in acoustic terms. The data were automatically transcribed and phonetically aligned to allow studies at a phonemic level. More than 3 million oral vowels have been analyzed to propose their fundamental frequency and formants. The corpus, available to the community for research purposes, is valuable for describing the evolution of Parisian French through the representation of gender and age. The presented analyses also demonstrate that the diachronic nature of the corpus allows the observation of various phonetic phenomena, such as the evolution of voice pitch over time (which does not differ by gender in our data) and the neutralization of the /a/-/$a$/ opposition in Parisian French during this period.
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