用惯性传感器测心跳振动信号,重建胸导联心电图。
Vib2ECG: A Paired Chest-Lead SCG-ECG Dataset and Benchmark for ECG Reconstruction
- 用17人数据构建首个胸导联心电-振动信号配对数据集。
- 轻量U-Net模型实现多位置心电图重建,参数仅364K。
- 发现模型生成无电活动区域波形,揭示机械电关系新现象。
十二导联心电图对心血管诊断至关重要,但日常长期采集受限于复杂昂贵的硬件。近年研究尝试从低成本的心脏振动信号(如地震心图,SCG)重建心电图,但因缺乏数据集,现有方法仅限于肢体导联,临床诊断亟需包括胸导联在内的多导联心电图。本文提出Vib2ECG,首个成对的多通道心电-机械心脏信号数据集,包含17名受试者在6个胸导联位置由惯性测量单元(IMU)采集的振动信号,以及完整的十二导联心电图。基于该数据集,我们建立了基准测试。实验表明,使用参数仅为364K的轻量级U-Net可成功从振动信号重建不同位置的电活动信号。此外,模型出现“幻觉”现象:在无实际电活动的位置生成了心电波形。我们分析其成因并提出缓解方向。本研究证明了通过低功耗IMU传感器实现移动设备友好型胸导联心电图监测的可行性,拓展了心脏振动信号的应用,并为心电与机械活动的空间关系提供了新见解。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Twelve-lead electrocardiography (ECG) is essential for cardiovascular diagnosis, but its long-term acquisition in daily life is constrained by complex and costly hardware. Recent efforts have explored reconstructing ECG from low-cost cardiac vibrational signals such as seismocardiography (SCG), however, due to the lack of a dataset, current methods are limited to limb leads, while clinical diagnosis requires multi-lead ECG, including chest leads. In this work, we propose Vib2ECG, the first paired, multi-channel electro-mechanical cardiac signal dataset, which includes complete twelve-lead ECGs and vibrational signals acquired by inertial measurement units (IMUs) at six chest-lead positions from 17 subjects. Based on this dataset, we also provide a benchmark. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of reconstructing electrical cardiac signals at variable locations from vibrational signals using a lightweight 364 K-parameter U-Net. Furthermore, we observe a hallucination phenomenon in the model, where ECG waveforms are generated in regions where no corresponding electrical activity is present. We analyze the causes of this phenomenon and propose potential directions for mitigation. This study demonstrates the feasibility of mobile-device-friendly ECG monitoring through chest-lead ECG prediction from low-cost vibrational signals acquired using IMU sensors. It expands the application of cardiac vibrational signals and provides new insights into the spatial relationship between cardiac electrical and mechanical activities with spatial location variation.
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