arXiv:2603.15663cs.CVcs.AI2026-03

AI医生升级:自动识牙位、算方案、模拟矫正全过程

OrthoAI v2: From Single-Agent Segmentation to Dual-Agent Treatment Planning for Clear Aligners

  • 双智能体协同:一个识牙,一个定关键点,融合决策更准
  • 综合评分92.8分,矫正方案质量提升21%,耗时仅4秒
  • 适合正畸医生、牙科算法研发者快速生成可视觉化的矫正计划

我们提出OrthoAI v2,是开源的隐形矫正AI辅助规划系统的第二代版本,显著扩展了此前单一智能体框架。第一代基于动态图卷积神经网络(DGCNN)实现牙齿分割,但仅能提取单颗牙中心点,缺乏关键点精度,且输出单一质量评分而无法模拟分期。v2通过三项核心改进解决上述问题:(i) 引入第二个智能体,采用条件热图回归方法(CHARM)直接无分割地检测牙科关键点,与智能体1通过置信度加权协调器在并行、串行或单智能体模式下融合;(ii) 构建复合六类生物力学评分模型(生物力学×0.30 + 分期×0.20 + 附件×0.15 + IPR×0.10 + 咬合×0.10 + 可预测性×0.15),替代原版二分类通过/失败判断;(iii) 设计多帧治疗模拟器,通过SLERP插值和基于证据的分期规则生成$F = A imes r$个时间连贯的6自由度牙齿轨迹,支持ClinCheck 4D可视化。在包含200个拥挤场景的合成基准上,v2并行集成系统达到92.8±4.1分的规划质量,相较v1的76.4±8.3分提升21%,同时保持全CPU部署能力(4.2±0.8秒)。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We present OrthoAI v2, the second iteration of our open-source pipeline for AI-assisted orthodontic treatment planning with clear aligners, substantially extending the single-agent framework previously introduced. The first version established a proof-of-concept based on Dynamic Graph Convolutional Neural Networks (\dgcnn{}) for tooth segmentation but was limited to per-tooth centroid extraction, lacked landmark-level precision, and produced a scalar quality score without staging simulation. \vtwo{} addresses all three limitations through three principal contributions: (i)~a second agent adopting the Conditioned Heatmap Regression Methodology (\charm{})~\cite{rodriguez2025charm} for direct, segmentation-free dental landmark detection, fused with Agent~1 via a confidence-weighted orchestrator in three modes (parallel, sequential, single-agent); (ii)~a composite six-category biomechanical scoring model (biomechanics $\times$ 0.30 + staging $\times$ 0.20 + attachments $\times$ 0.15 + IPR $\times$ 0.10 + occlusion $\times$ 0.10 + predictability $\times$ 0.15) replacing the binary pass/fail check of v1; (iii)~a multi-frame treatment simulator generating $F = A \times r$ temporally coherent 6-DoF tooth trajectories via SLERP interpolation and evidence-based staging rules, enabling ClinCheck 4D visualisation. On a synthetic benchmark of 200 crowding scenarios, the parallel ensemble of OrthoAI v2 reaches a planning quality score of $92.8 \pm 4.1$ vs.\ $76.4 \pm 8.3$ for OrthoAI v1, a $+21\%$ relative gain, while maintaining full CPU deployability ($4.2 \pm 0.8$~s).

正畸AI双智能体治疗模拟

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