提出松散结构软件框架,管理多智能体系统运行时的不确定性与演化熵。
Loosely-Structured Software: Engineering Context, Structure, and Evolution Entropy in Runtime-Rewired Multi-Agent Systems
- 通过视图/上下文、结构、演化三层工程框架管理动态交互
- 提升智能体系统的可设计性、可扩展性和可演化性
- 适合构建高自主性、自适应的复杂多智能体系统
随着基于大模型的多智能体系统(MAS)日益自主,其自由形式的交互行为主导了系统表现。但智能体数量增加会加剧上下文压力、协调错误和系统漂移。仅靠提示调优或提升模型智能不足以构建鲁棒系统,必须从架构层面管理不确定性下的复杂性。本文将智能体软件的核心特性定义为‘在不确定性下运行时生成与演化’,借鉴面向对象编程经验,提出‘松散结构软件(LSS)’这一新范式,将工程重点从确定性逻辑转向对视图构建编程、语义驱动自组织及内生演化的运行时熵的管理。为此,提出三层次工程框架:视图/上下文工程用于维护任务相关视图与执行环境;结构工程用于组织动态绑定;演化工程用于管控自重写构件的生命周期。在此基础上,设计语义控制块作为LSS模式,稳定流式推理驱动的交互同时保持智能体适应性。实验验证关键机制有效性,证明该框架显著提升智能体基础设施的可设计性、可扩展性与可演化性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
As LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) become more autonomous, their free-form interactions increasingly dominate system behavior. However, scaling the number of agents often amplifies context pressure, coordination errors, and system drift. It is well known that building robust MAS requires more than prompt tuning or increased model intelligence. It necessitates engineering discipline focused on architecture to manage complexity under uncertainty. We characterize agentic software by a core property: \emph{runtime generation and evolution under uncertainty}. Drawing upon and extending software engineering experience, especially object-oriented programming, this paper introduces \emph{Loosely-Structured Software (LSS)}, a new class of software systems that shifts the engineering focus from constructing deterministic logic to managing the runtime entropy generated by View-constructed programming, semantic-driven self-organization, and endogenous evolution. To make this entropy governable, we introduce design principles under a three-layer engineering framework: \emph{View/Context Engineering} to manage the execution environment and maintain task-relevant Views, \emph{Structure Engineering} to organize dynamic binding over artifacts and agents, and \emph{Evolution Engineering} to govern the lifecycle of self-rewriting artifacts. Building on this framework, we develop LSS design patterns as semantic control blocks that stabilize fluid, inference-mediated interactions while preserving agent adaptability. Together, these abstractions improve the \emph{designability}, \emph{scalability}, and \emph{evolvability} of agentic infrastructure. We provide basic experimental validation of key mechanisms, demonstrating the effectiveness of LSS.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。