arXiv:2603.15842cs.LGcs.AI2026-03

用结构化匿名化保护敏感数据,不降性能也不加密

Informationally Compressive Anonymization: Non-Degrading Sensitive Input Protection for Privacy-Preserving Supervised Machine Learning

  • 将输入转为不可逆的低维隐向量,从源头杜绝信息泄露
  • 理论上证明无法逆推原始数据,实际攻击下重构概率趋近于零
  • 适合企业级高安全、高效率机器学习场景

现代机器学习系统日益依赖敏感数据,现有隐私保护技术如差分隐私(DP)和同态加密(HE)虽能提供一定保障,但常导致性能下降、复杂度上升或计算开销过大。本文提出信息压缩匿名化(ICA)与VEIL架构,通过结构与数学设计实现强隐私保护,无需注入噪声或使用密码学。ICA在可信源环境内嵌入监督式多目标编码器,将原始输入转换为低维、任务对齐的隐表示,仅导出不可逆的向量至不可信训练与推理环境。论文通过拓扑与信息论论证,证明该编码在逻辑上不可逆,即使在理想攻击者假设下也无法恢复原数据;在真实部署中,攻击者对原始数据的条件熵发散,重构概率趋于零。相比传统自编码器方法,ICA通过与下游监督目标对齐,保留预测能力,实现低延迟、高性能,无需梯度裁剪、噪声预算或推理时加密。VEIL架构强化信任边界,支持多区域可扩展部署,天然契合隐私优先监管框架,构建了抗后量子威胁的企业级机器学习新范式。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Modern machine learning systems increasingly rely on sensitive data, creating significant privacy, security, and regulatory risks that existing privacy-preserving machine learning (ppML) techniques, such as Differential Privacy (DP) and Homomorphic Encryption (HE), address only at the cost of degraded performance, increased complexity, or prohibitive computational overhead. This paper introduces Informationally Compressive Anonymization (ICA) and the VEIL architecture, a privacy-preserving ML framework that achieves strong privacy guarantees through architectural and mathematical design rather than noise injection or cryptography. ICA embeds a supervised, multi-objective encoder within a trusted Source Environment to transform raw inputs into low-dimensional, task-aligned latent representations, ensuring that only irreversibly anonymized vectors are exported to untrusted training and inference environments. The paper rigorously proves that these encodings are structurally non-invertible using topological and information-theoretic arguments, showing that inversion is logically impossible, even under idealized attacker assumptions, and that, in realistic deployments, the attacker conditional entropy over the original data diverges, driving reconstruction probability to zero. Unlike prior autoencoder-based ppML approaches, ICA preserves predictive utility by aligning representation learning with downstream supervised objectives, enabling low-latency, high-performance ML without gradient clipping, noise budgets, or encryption at inference time. The VEIL architecture enforces strict trust boundaries, supports scalable multi-region deployment, and naturally aligns with privacy-by-design regulatory frameworks, establishing a new foundation for enterprise ML that is secure, performant, and safe by construction, even in the face of post-quantum threats.

隐私保护匿名化机器学习

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