arXiv:2603.16067cs.CVcs.LG2026-03

提出新方法让注意力图上采样更准确,避免虚假热点。

Attribution Upsampling should Redistribute, Not Interpolate

  • 将上采样视为重要性重分配,而非简单插值。
  • 在多个数据集上提升解释结果的忠实度与语义一致性。
  • 适合需要可信模型解释的研究者与应用开发者。

可解释人工智能中的归因方法依赖于为自然图像设计的上采样技术,但标准双线性与双三次插值会因混叠、振铃和边界溢出系统性破坏归因信号,产生虚假高重要性区域,扭曲模型推理过程。我们指出核心问题在于将上采样视为孤立插值,而非由模型语义边界主导的重要性流动。提出通用语义感知上采样(USU),通过比例形式的质量重分配算子重构上采样,严格保持归因总量与相对重要性排序。扩展特征归因的公理传统,形式化四个理想上采样准则,证明插值结构上违反其中三个;这三个约束迫使任何重分配算子必须采用比例形式,第四个准则唯一确定该类中的最优解,即USU。在具有已知归因先验的模型上控制实验验证了其形式保证;在ImageNet、CIFAR-10和CUB-200上的评估表明其持续提升忠实度,生成更语义连贯的解释。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Attribution methods in explainable AI rely on upsampling techniques that were designed for natural images, not saliency maps. Standard bilinear and bicubic interpolation systematically corrupts attribution signals through aliasing, ringing, and boundary bleeding, producing spurious high-importance regions that misrepresent model reasoning. We identify that the core issue is treating attribution upsampling as an interpolation problem that operates in isolation from the model's reasoning, rather than a mass redistribution problem where model-derived semantic boundaries must govern how importance flows. We present Universal Semantic-Aware Upsampling (USU), a principled method that reformulates upsampling through ratio-form mass redistribution operators, provably preserving attribution mass and relative importance ordering. Extending the axiomatic tradition of feature attribution to upsampling, we formalize four desiderata for faithful upsampling and prove that interpolation structurally violates three of them. These same three force any redistribution operator into a ratio form; the fourth selects the unique potential within this family, yielding USU. Controlled experiments on models with known attribution priors verify USU's formal guarantees; evaluation across ImageNet, CIFAR-10, and CUB-200 confirms consistent faithfulness improvements and qualitatively superior, semantically coherent explanations.

可解释AI归因方法上采样

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。