arXiv:2603.16363cs.CV2026-03

提出轻量级水下图像增强框架,实现实时高保真色彩还原。

Advancing Visual Reliability: Color-Accurate Underwater Image Enhancement for Real-Time Underwater Missions

  • 基于绿通道参考动态补偿红蓝通道,实现自适应色彩恢复。
  • 多分支重参数卷积在低算力下保持大感受野,推理速度达409 FPS。
  • 模型仅3880参数,显著提升多种环境下的图像质量与下游任务表现。

水下图像增强对提供可靠视觉信息至关重要,因水体强吸收与散射常导致图像质量退化。现有高性能方法多依赖复杂架构,难以部署于水下设备;轻量方法则常以牺牲质量换取速度,难处理严重退化的图像。为此,本文提出一种实时水下图像增强框架,具备精准色彩还原能力。首先,引入自适应加权通道补偿模块,以绿通道为参考,动态恢复红蓝通道色彩。其次,设计多分支重参数化空洞卷积,在训练阶段融合多分支信息,推理时通过结构重参数化实现大感受野与低计算开销。最后,采用基于统计先验的全局色彩调整模块,优化整体色彩表现。在八个数据集上的大量实验表明,该方法在七项评价指标上达到领先水平。模型仅含3,880个推理参数,推理速度达409 FPS。在多样环境条件下,UCIQE评分提升29.7%。在ROV平台部署及下游任务中的性能增益进一步验证了其在实时水下任务中的优越性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Underwater image enhancement plays a crucial role in providing reliable visual information for underwater platforms, since strong absorption and scattering in water-related environments generally lead to image quality degradation. Existing high-performance methods often rely on complex architectures, which hinder deployment on underwater devices. Lightweight methods often sacrifice quality for speed and struggle to handle severely degraded underwater images. To address this limitation, we present a real-time underwater image enhancement framework with accurate color restoration. First, an Adaptive Weighted Channel Compensation module is introduced to achieve dynamic color recovery of the red and blue channels using the green channel as a reference anchor. Second, we design a Multi-branch Re-parameterized Dilated Convolution that employs multi-branch fusion during training and structural re-parameterization during inference, enabling large receptive field representation with low computational overhead. Finally, a Statistical Global Color Adjustment module is employed to optimize overall color performance based on statistical priors. Extensive experiments on eight datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance across seven evaluation metrics. The model contains only 3,880 inference parameters and achieves an inference speed of 409 FPS. Our method improves the UCIQE score by 29.7% under diverse environmental conditions, and the deployment on ROV platforms and performance gains in downstream tasks further validate its superiority for real-time underwater missions.

水下图像实时增强轻量化色彩恢复

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