arXiv:2603.16891eess.SPcs.AI2026-03

AI-HEART用深度学习分析长时心电图,提升心律失常识别与质量检测效率。

A Novel end-to-end Digital Health System Using Deep Learning-based ECG Analysis

  • 端到端流程:从多导联心电图输入到波形分割、噪声检测、心律分类
  • 在常见与罕见心律失常上实现高特异性与可临床应用的平均性能
  • 支持医生审核反馈,可追溯输出,适合医院部署的心电图智能系统

本研究提出AI-HEART,一个基于云的心电信息管理系统,用于处理长时间动态三导联心电图(ECG)并辅助临床决策。平台整合端到端流程:接收多日三导联ECG,进行归一化、信号预处理,并应用专用深度神经网络完成波形分段、噪声/质量检测及心搏与心律层面的多类别心律失常分类。为应对类别不平衡与真实信号变异性,模型开发结合大规模临床标注数据集、专家参与的数据校正以及对低频心律的生成增强。在三导联动态心电图数据上的实证评估显示,波形分段精度足以支持自动间隔测量,噪声检测能可靠标记低质量片段,心律分类在常见与罕见心律上均达到高特异性与具有临床意义的宏观平均性能。除预测准确性外,AI-HEART提供可扩展的部署方案,支持可追溯输出、审计友好的记录与标注存储,以及医生审核编辑,捕捉反馈以实现受控模型迭代。研究证明了噪声感知型AI-ECG平台作为数字健康信息系统的可行性与实用性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This study presents AI-HEART, a cloud-based information system for managing and analysing long-duration ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings and supporting clinician decision-making. The platform operationalises an end-to-end pipeline that ingests multi-day three-lead ECGs, normalises inputs, performs signal preprocessing, and applies dedicated deep neural networks for wave delineation, noise/quality detection, and beat- and rhythm-level multi-class arrhythmia classification. To address class imbalance and real-world signal variability, model development combines large clinically annotated datasets with expert-in-the-loop curation and generative augmentation for under-represented rhythms. Empirical evaluation on three-lead ambulatory ECG data shows that delineation accuracy is sufficient for automated interval measurement, noise detection reliably flags poor-quality segments, and arrhythmia classification achieves high specificity with clinically useful macro-averaged performance across common and rarer rhythms. Beyond predictive accuracy, AI-HEART provides a scalable deployment approach for integrating AI into routine ECG services, enabling traceable outputs, audit-friendly storage of recordings and derived annotations, and clinician review/editing that captures feedback for controlled model improvement. The findings demonstrate the technical feasibility and operational value of a noise-aware AI-ECG platform as a digital health information system.

心电图分析深度学习数字健康医疗AI

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