arXiv:2603.17540cs.IRcs.LG2026-03被引 5

用语义ID生成推荐,让播客发现更懂用户变化的喜好。

Deploying Semantic ID-based Generative Retrieval for Large-Scale Podcast Discovery at Spotify

  • 将推荐任务转为指令跟随,用语义ID实现大规模播客精准生成。
  • 上线测试显示非习惯性收听提升5.4%,新节目发现率提高14.3%。
  • 适合追求个性化与探索性平衡的平台级推荐系统研发者。

播客收听常基于少数喜爱节目,但用户意图会随时间演变。这种稳定偏好与动态意图的结合,要求推荐系统兼顾熟悉感与探索性。传统推荐系统侧重长期行为模式,对上下文信号和意图感知支持不足。我们提出GLIDE,一个在Spotify上线的大规模生成式播客推荐系统。GLIDE将推荐建模为基于离散语义ID的指令遵循任务,实现对海量播客库的语义定位生成。模型融合近期收听历史与轻量级用户上下文,并通过软提示注入长期用户嵌入,捕捉稳定偏好,同时满足严格的推理延迟约束。通过离线指标、人工评估与大语言模型评价验证,结合大规模在线A/B测试,结果显示,在数百万用户中,GLIDE使主页非习惯性播客播放量最高提升5.4%,新节目发现率最高提升14.3%,且符合生产成本与延迟要求。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Podcast listening is often grounded in a set of favorite shows, while listener intent can evolve over time. This combination of stable preferences and changing intent motivates recommendation approaches that support both familiarity and exploration. Traditional recommender systems typically emphasize long-term interaction patterns, and are less explicitly designed to incorporate rich contextual signals or flexible, intent-aware discovery objectives. In this setting, models that can jointly reason over semantics, context, and user state offer a promising direction. Large Language Models (LLMs) provide strong semantic reasoning and contextual conditioning for discovery-oriented recommendation, but deploying them in production introduces challenges in catalog grounding, user-level personalization, and latency-critical serving. We address these challenges with GLIDE, a production-scale generative recommender for podcast discovery at Spotify. GLIDE formulates recommendation as an instruction-following task over a discretized catalog using Semantic IDs, enabling grounded generation over a large inventory. The model conditions on recent listening history and lightweight user context, while injecting long-term user embeddings as soft prompts to capture stable preferences under strict inference constraints. We evaluate GLIDE using offline retrieval metrics, human judgments, and LLM-based evaluation, and validate its impact through large-scale online A/B testing. Across experiments involving millions of users, GLIDE increases non-habitual podcast streaming on Spotify home surface by up to 5.4% and new-show discovery by up to 14.3%, while meeting production cost and latency constraints.

推荐系统生成式推荐语义检索播客发现

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