arXiv:2603.17813cs.CV2026-03

用视频分割标注训练模型,让视觉基础模型更准地跟踪画面中任意点。

M2P: Improving Visual Foundation Models with Mask-to-Point Weakly-Supervised Learning for Dense Point Tracking

  • 通过掩码转点学习,利用视频分割标签弱监督训练模型。
  • 仅用3600个视频即在TAP-Vid-DAVIS上提升12.8%至14.6%性能。
  • 适合需要高精度密集点追踪的视频理解任务研究者使用。

密集点追踪(TAP)已成为视频理解的基础工具。现有方法依赖静态图像预训练的视觉基础模型(VFMs),如DINOv2,通过离线微调或测试时优化进行适配,但这类模型难以捕捉视频中的稠密时序对应关系。为此,我们提出掩码到点(M2P)学习,利用丰富的视频对象分割(VOS)掩码标注来改进VFMs的稠密点追踪能力。M2P引入三种基于掩码的约束:一是局部结构一致性损失,通过Procrustes分析建模局部区域内点的协同运动,提升点对点匹配的可靠性;二是掩码标签一致性(MLC)损失,强制采样前景点严格匹配各帧前景区域,作为正则化稳定训练并防止陷入平凡解;三是显式监督边界点的掩码边界约束。实验表明,仅使用3600个VOS训练视频,弱监督的M2P模型显著优于基线VFMs,且训练高效。在TAP-Vid-DAVIS基准上,相比DINOv2-B/14和DINOv3-B/16分别取得12.8%和14.6%的性能提升。此外,所提M2P模型可作为测试时优化与离线微调任务的预训练主干,展现出作为通用点追踪预训练模型的潜力。代码将在接受后公开。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Tracking Any Point (TAP) has emerged as a fundamental tool for video understanding. Current approaches adapt Vision Foundation Models (VFMs) like DINOv2 via offline finetuning or test-time optimization. However, these VFMs rely on static image pre-training, which is inherently sub-optimal for capturing dense temporal correspondence in videos. To address this, we propose Mask-to-Point (M2P) learning, which leverages rich video object segmentation (VOS) mask annotations to improve VFMs for dense point tracking. Our M2P introduces three new mask-based constraints for weakly-supervised representation learning. First, we propose a local structure consistency loss, which leverages Procrustes analysis to model the cohesive motion of points lying within a local structure, achieving more reliable point-to-point matching learning. Second, we propose a mask label consistency (MLC) loss, which enforces that sampled foreground points strictly match foreground regions across frames. The proposed MLC loss can be regarded as a regularization, which stabilizes training and prevents convergence to trivial solutions. Finally, mask boundary constrain is applied to explicitly supervise boundary points. We show that our weaklysupervised M2P models significantly outperform baseline VFMs with efficient training by using only 3.6K VOS training videos. Notably, M2P achieves 12.8% and 14.6% performance gains over DINOv2-B/14 and DINOv3-B/16 on the TAP-Vid-DAVIS benchmark, respectively. Moreover, the proposed M2P models are used as pre-trained backbones for both test-time optimized and offline fine-tuned TAP tasks, demonstrating its potential to serve as general pre-trained models for point tracking. Code will be made publicly available upon acceptance.

点追踪弱监督视频理解视觉模型

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