提出DA-Mamba模型,实现跨域目标检测中全局与局部特征的高效对齐。
DA-Mamba: Learning Domain-Aware State Space Model for Global-Local Alignment in Domain Adaptive Object Detection
- 融合CNN与状态空间模型,兼顾局部细节与全局依赖建模。
- 在VisDrone、DOTA等数据集上提升平均精度达3.2%以上。
- 适合需要高效跨域检测的工业场景应用。
域自适应目标检测(DAOD)旨在将标注源域的检测器迁移到无标签目标域。现有方法采用多粒度特征对齐学习域不变表示,但其基于CNN的主干网络和检测头存在局部连接限制,难以提取全局域不变特征。尽管基于Transformer的方法通过注意力机制捕捉全局依赖,但其二次计算复杂度阻碍了实际部署。为此,我们提出DA-Mamba,一种混合CNN-状态空间模型(SSMs)架构,结合了CNN的效率与状态空间模型的线性时间长程建模能力,以捕获全局与局部域不变特征。具体地,引入两个新模块:图像感知状态空间模型(IA-SSM)嵌入主干网络,增强图像级全局与局部对齐;对象感知状态空间模型(OA-SSM)插入检测头,建模对象间的空间与语义依赖,提升实例级对齐。大量实验表明,该方法能高效提升检测器在跨域场景下的性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Domain Adaptive Object Detection (DAOD) aims to transfer detectors from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain. Existing DAOD methods employ multi-granularity feature alignment to learn domain-invariant representations. However, the local connectivity of their CNN-based backbone and detection head restricts alignment to local regions, failing to extract global domain-invariant features. Although transformer-based DAOD methods capture global dependencies via attention mechanisms, their quadratic computational cost hinders practical deployment. To solve this, we propose DA-Mamba, a hybrid CNN-State Space Models (SSMs) architecture that combines the efficiency of CNNs with the linear-time long-range modeling capability of State Space Models (SSMs) to capture both global and local domain-invariant features. Specifically, we introduce two novel modules: Image-Aware SSM (IA-SSM) and Object-Aware SSM (OA-SSM). IA-SSM is integrated into the backbone to enhance global domain awareness, enabling image-level global and local alignment. OA-SSM is inserted into the detection head to model spatial and semantic dependencies among objects, enhancing instance-level alignment. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can efficiently improve the cross-domain performance of the object detector.
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