用简单设计实现拟人行走,无需对抗训练即可稳定通过复杂地形。
PRIOR: Perceptive Learning for Humanoid Locomotion with Reference Gait Priors
- 用运动捕捉数据生成参考步态,结合自监督高度图重建感知地形。
- 在楼梯、箱子、间隙等复杂地形上实现100%通行成功率。
- 适合关注仿人机器人行走与感知融合研究的开发者和科研人员。
训练能自然行走于复杂地形的感知型仿人机器人仍是一大挑战,通常需要多阶段训练流程、对抗目标或大量真实校准。我们提出PRIOR框架,基于Isaac Lab构建,通过简洁高效的设计实现稳健的地形穿越与拟人步态:(i) 基于参数化步态生成器,利用运动捕捉数据提供稳定参考轨迹,无需对抗训练;(ii) 采用GRU状态估计器,从本体深度图像中自监督重建高度图,直接推断地形几何;(iii) 适应地形的步脚奖励机制,引导足部落点朝可通行区域调整。通过对深度图像分辨率权衡的系统分析,识别出在实时约束下最大化地形保真度的配置,在不降低性能的前提下显著减少感知开销。跨多种难度地形(包括台阶、箱体、间隙)的全面实验表明,各组件贡献互补且关键,完整框架实现100%通行成功率。我们将开源完整PRIOR框架,包含训练流程、参数化步态生成器与评估基准,为Isaac Lab上的仿人机器人行走研究提供可复现的基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Training perceptive humanoid locomotion policies that traverse complex terrains with natural gaits remains an open challenge, typically demanding multi-stage training pipelines, adversarial objectives, or extensive real-world calibration. We present PRIOR, an efficient and reproducible framework built on Isaac Lab that achieves robust terrain traversal with human-like gaits through a simple yet effective design: (i) a parametric gait generator that supplies stable reference trajectories derived from motion capture without adversarial training, (ii) a GRU-based state estimator that infers terrain geometry directly from egocentric depth images via self-supervised heightmap reconstruction, and (iii) terrain-adaptive footstep rewards that guide foot placement toward traversable regions. Through systematic analysis of depth image resolution trade-offs, we identify configurations that maximize terrain fidelity under real-time constraints, substantially reducing perceptual overhead without degrading traversal performance. Comprehensive experiments across terrains of varying difficulty-including stairs, boxes, and gaps-demonstrate that each component yields complementary and essential performance gains, with the full framework achieving a 100% traversal success rate. We will open-source the complete PRIOR framework, including the training pipeline, parametric gait generator, and evaluation benchmarks, to serve as a reproducible foundation for humanoid locomotion research on Isaac Lab.
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