arXiv:2603.19044cs.CL2026-03ACL

让大模型学会从科研动机推导方法,生成更深入的科学创意。

MoRI: Learning Motivation-Grounded Reasoning for Scientific Ideation in Large Language Models

  • 基于研究动机训练模型,显式学习从问题到方法的推理过程。
  • 在多个指标上超越商用大模型和复杂代理基线,创新性、严谨性和可行性俱佳。
  • 适合需要深度科学创意的科研人员或研发团队使用。

科学创意旨在给定科学背景下提出新颖解决方案。现有基于大模型的代理方法虽模拟人类研究流程,但对科学推理建模不足,导致仅停留在表层概念重组,缺乏技术深度与科学依据。为此,我们提出MoRI(Motivation-grounded Reasoning for Scientific Ideation),使大模型能从研究动机显式学习到方法论的推理过程。基础大模型通过监督微调初始化,以从给定上下文生成研究动机,并随后在复合强化学习奖励下训练:(1) 信息增益熵感知项鼓励模型挖掘并详述基于真实方法学的高复杂度技术细节;(2) 对比语义增益项约束推理路径保持与科学有效解的概念一致性。实验结果表明,MoRI在创新性、技术严谨性和可行性等多个维度均持续优于强商业大模型及复杂代理基线。代码已开源。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Scientific ideation aims to propose novel solutions within a given scientific context. Existing LLM-based agentic approaches emulate human research workflows, yet inadequately model scientific reasoning, resulting in surface-level conceptual recombinations that lack technical depth and scientific grounding. To address this issue, we propose \textbf{MoRI} (\textbf{Mo}tivation-grounded \textbf{R}easoning for Scientific \textbf{I}deation), a framework that enables LLMs to explicitly learn the reasoning process from research motivations to methodologies. The base LLM is initialized via supervised fine-tuning to generate a research motivation from a given context, and is subsequently trained under a composite reinforcement learning reward that approximates scientific rigor: (1) entropy-aware information gain encourages the model to uncover and elaborate high-complexity technical details grounded in ground-truth methodologies, and (2) contrastive semantic gain constrains the reasoning trajectory to remain conceptually aligned with scientifically valid solutions. Empirical results show that MoRI consistently outperforms strong commercial LLMs and complex agentic baselines across multiple dimensions, including novelty, technical rigor, and feasibility. The code is available on \href{https://github.com/ECNU-Text-Computing/IdeaGeneration}{GitHub}.

科学创意推理生成强化学习大模型

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