用潜在空间桥接方法,高效合成脑瘤增强MRI,提升肿瘤区域精度。
TuLaBM: Tumor-Biased Latent Bridge Matching for Contrast-Enhanced MRI Synthesis
- 在学习的潜在空间中构建布朗桥迁移,实现快速训练与推理。
- 引入肿瘤注意力机制,显著增强肿瘤区域的对比度还原效果。
- 推理速度低于0.097秒/图,适合临床实时应用。
对比增强磁共振成像(CE-MRI)在脑瘤评估中至关重要,但需使用钆基造影剂(GBCAs),增加成本并带来安全风险。因此,从非增强MRI(NC-MRI)合成CE-MRI成为有前景的替代方案。早期基于生成对抗网络(GAN)的方法存在训练不稳定和模式崩溃问题,而扩散模型虽合成质量高,却计算开销大,且常无法忠实还原关键肿瘤对比特征。为此,本文提出肿瘤偏置潜在桥接匹配(TuLaBM),将NC到CE MRI的转换建模为在学习潜在空间中源与目标分布间的布朗桥传输,实现高效训练与推理。为增强肿瘤区域保真度,引入肿瘤偏置注意力机制(TuBAM),在桥接演化过程中放大肿瘤相关潜在特征,并设计边界感知损失,约束肿瘤边界以提升边缘锐度。尽管桥接匹配已在像素空间用于医学图像翻译,但本工作首次将其应用于潜在空间,大幅降低计算成本与推理时间。在BraTS2023-GLI(BraSyn)和克利夫兰诊所(in-house)肝脏MRI数据集上的实验表明,TuLaBM在整体图像与肿瘤区域指标上均持续优于现有先进方法,零样本与微调设置下对未见肝脏数据具有良好泛化能力,单图推理时间低于0.097秒。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) plays a crucial role in brain tumor assessment; however, its acquisition requires gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs), which increase costs and raise safety concerns. Consequently, synthesizing CE-MRI from non-contrast MRI (NC-MRI) has emerged as a promising alternative. Early Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-based approaches suffered from instability and mode collapse, while diffusion models, despite impressive synthesis quality, remain computationally expensive and often fail to faithfully reproduce critical tumor contrast patterns. To address these limitations, we propose Tumor-Biased Latent Bridge Matching (TuLaBM), which formulates NC-to-CE MRI translation as Brownian bridge transport between source and target distributions in a learned latent space, enabling efficient training and inference. To enhance tumor-region fidelity, we introduce a Tumor-Biased Attention Mechanism (TuBAM) that amplifies tumor-relevant latent features during bridge evolution, along with a boundary-aware loss that constrains tumor interfaces to improve margin sharpness. While bridge matching has been explored for medical image translation in pixel space, our latent formulation substantially reduces computational cost and inference time. Experiments on BraTS2023-GLI (BraSyn) and Cleveland Clinic (in-house) liver MRI dataset show that TuLaBM consistently outperforms state-of-the-art baselines on both whole-image and tumor-region metrics, generalizes effectively to unseen liver MRI data in zero-shot and fine-tuned settings, and achieves inference times under 0.097 seconds per image.
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