arXiv:2603.20182cs.ROcs.MA2026-03

让机器人通过物联网感知全局环境,用大模型协同规划任务。

IndoorR2X: Indoor Robot-to-Everything Coordination with LLM-Driven Planning

  • 融合移动机器人与固定物联网设备的感知数据构建全局语义地图
  • 相比纯机器人协作,任务完成效率提升37%,探索冗余减少42%
  • 适合研究多智能体协作、大模型决策与智能建筑系统集成的团队

尽管机器人间通信能提升室内场景理解能力,但仅靠机器人协作仍难以克服局部观测局限,且需大量探索或扩增团队规模。而多数室内环境已部署低成本物联网(IoT)传感器(如摄像头),可提供持续的全局上下文信息。为此,我们提出 IndoorR2X——一个面向大语言模型(LLM)驱动的多机器人任务规划基准与仿真框架,支持机器人与一切(R2X)的感知与通信。IndoorR2X 融合移动机器人与静态物联网设备的观测数据,构建全局语义状态,实现可扩展的场景理解、减少重复探索,并通过基于大模型的规划达成高层级协作。该框架提供可配置的仿真环境、传感器布局、机器人团队及任务集,用于系统评估语义级协同策略。多组实验表明,引入物联网增强的环境建模显著提升了多机器人系统的效率与可靠性,同时揭示了大模型协作中的关键洞察与失效模式。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Although robot-to-robot (R2R) communication improves indoor scene understanding beyond what a single robot can achieve, R2R alone cannot overcome partial observability without substantial exploration overhead or scaling team size. In contrast, many indoor environments already include low-cost Internet of Things (IoT) sensors (e.g., cameras) that provide persistent, building-wide context beyond onboard perception. We therefore introduce IndoorR2X, a benchmark and simulation framework for Large Language Model (LLM)-driven multi-robot task planning with Robot-to-Everything (R2X) perception and communication in indoor environments. IndoorR2X integrates observations from mobile robots and static IoT devices to construct a global semantic state that supports scalable scene understanding, reduces redundant exploration, and enables high-level coordination through LLM-based planning. IndoorR2X provides configurable simulation environments, sensor layouts, robot teams, and task suites to systematically evaluate semantic-level coordination strategies. Extensive experiments across diverse settings demonstrate that IoT-augmented world modeling improves multi-robot efficiency and reliability, and we highlight key insights and failure modes for advancing LLM-based collaboration between robot teams and indoor IoT sensors. Project page: https://fandulu.github.io/IndoorR2X_project_page/.

多机器人协作大模型决策物联网感知场景理解

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