arXiv:2603.20658cs.RO2026-03被引 3

无需重训,插件式加速机器人操作,效率提升1.8倍

Speedup Patch: Learning a Plug-and-Play Policy to Accelerate Embodied Manipulation

  • 引入外部调度器,自动精简动作片段消除冗余
  • 在仿真与真实任务中实现1.8倍加速,成功率不变
  • 仅用离线数据训练,适配多种现成策略

当前具身策略虽具备出色操作能力,但执行速度仍受人类示范节奏拖累。现有加速方法通常需重新训练或昂贵在线交互,难以扩展至大规模基础模型。本文提出轻量级、策略无关的Speedup Patch(SuP)框架,支持仅用离线数据即可即插即用加速。SuP引入外部调度器,自适应地对具身策略输出的动作块进行下采样以消除冗余。我们将其调度优化建模为约束马尔可夫决策过程(CMDP),旨在提升效率而不影响任务表现。由于离线环境下无法直接评估成功,SuP采用基于世界模型的状态偏移作为替代指标以保证安全。通过学习的世界模型作为虚拟评估器预测反事实轨迹,调度器可借助离线强化学习进行优化。在仿真基准(Libero, Bigym)及真实任务上的实证结果表明,SuP在多种策略上实现了整体1.8倍的执行加速,同时保持原有成功率。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

While current embodied policies exhibit remarkable manipulation skills, their execution remains unsatisfactorily slow as they inherit the tardy pacing of human demonstrations. Existing acceleration methods typically require policy retraining or costly online interactions, limiting their scalability for large-scale foundation models. In this paper, we propose Speedup Patch (SuP), a lightweight, policy-agnostic framework that enables plug-and-play acceleration using solely offline data. SuP introduces an external scheduler that adaptively downsamples action chunks provided by embodied policies to eliminate redundancies. Specifically, we formalize the optimization of our scheduler as a Constrained Markov Decision Process (CMDP) aimed at maximizing efficiency without compromising task performance. Since direct success evaluation is infeasible in offline settings, SuP introduces World Model based state deviation as a surrogate metric to enforce safety constraints. By leveraging a learned world model as a virtual evaluator to predict counterfactual trajectories, the scheduler can be optimized via offline reinforcement learning. Empirical results on simulation benchmarks (Libero, Bigym) and real-world tasks validate that SuP achieves an overall 1.8x execution speedup for diverse policies while maintaining their original success rates.

具身智能加速推理世界模型

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