让Pepper机器人实现低延迟语音交互并自主控制动作
A Framework for Low-Latency, LLM-driven Multimodal Interaction on the Pepper Robot
- 用端到端语音转语音模型替代传统三步流程,降低延迟
- 通过函数调用让大模型规划导航、注视等机器人行为
- 开源框架可在手机或平板运行,不依赖特定硬件
尽管大语言模型(LLMs)在社交机器人中应用取得进展,但现有方案仍存在两大缺陷:一是基于Pepper等平台的系统多采用级联的语音转文字(STT)→LLM→文字转语音(TTS)流程,导致延迟高且丢失副语言信息;二是未能充分利用LLM在多模态感知和代理式控制方面的潜力。本文提出一个开源Android框架,针对上述问题实现两项创新:首先,引入端到端语音转语音(S2S)模型,在保持语调等副语言特征的同时实现低延迟交互;其次,通过广泛集成函数调用能力,使LLM具备代理式规划能力,可协调机器人动作(如导航、视线控制、平板操作)并融合视觉、触觉及系统状态等多模态反馈。该框架部署于机器人平板,也可编译至普通Android设备,实现开发与硬件解耦。本工作为具身智能人机交互研究提供了实用、可扩展的平台。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Despite recent advances in integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into social robotics, two weaknesses persist. First, existing implementations on platforms like Pepper often rely on cascaded Speech-to-Text (STT)->LLM->Text-to-Speech (TTS) pipelines, resulting in high latency and the loss of paralinguistic information. Second, most implementations fail to fully leverage the LLM's capabilities for multimodal perception and agentic control. We present an open-source Android framework for the Pepper robot that addresses these limitations through two key innovations. First, we integrate end-to-end Speech-to-Speech (S2S) models to achieve low-latency interaction while preserving paralinguistic cues and enabling adaptive intonation. Second, we implement extensive Function Calling capabilities that elevate the LLM to an agentic planner, orchestrating robot actions (navigation, gaze control, tablet interaction) and integrating diverse multimodal feedback (vision, touch, system state). The framework runs on the robot's tablet but can also be built to run on regular Android smartphones or tablets, decoupling development from robot hardware. This work provides the HRI community with a practical, extensible platform for exploring advanced LLM-driven embodied interaction.
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