arXiv:2603.21674physics.comp-phcs.LG2026-03被引 2

SPINONet用脉冲神经网络提升物理信息算子的能效,适合边缘计算场景。

SPINONet: Scalable Spiking Physics-informed Neural Operator for Computational Mechanics Applications

  • 借鉴神经科学设计稀疏脉冲神经元,实现事件驱动计算
  • 在少数据混合训练下性能优于纯物理约束方法,避免虚假解
  • 适用于需低功耗运行的计算力学问题,如嵌入式设备部署

能量效率是将物理信息算子学习模型应用于计算力学与科学计算中的关键挑战,尤其在边缘和嵌入式设备等功耗受限场景中,密集网络中的重复算子评估带来巨大计算与能耗开销。为此,我们提出可扩展的脉冲物理信息算子网络(SPINONet),一种受神经科学启发的框架,在保持物理信息训练兼容性的同时减少冗余计算。SPINONet通过架构感知设计引入适配回归的脉冲神经元,实现稀疏、事件驱动的计算,提升能效,同时保留用于计算时空导数所需的连续可微路径。我们在包含时空及参数依赖的多类偏微分方程上评估SPINONet,涵盖时变与稳态情形,结果表明其预测性能接近传统物理信息算子学习方法,尽管存在稀疏通信。此外,有限数据监督的混合设置被证明可提升在纯物理约束训练易收敛至伪解的困难情形下的性能。最后,我们分析了架构组件与设计选择对计算负载与能耗下降的理论关联。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Energy efficiency remains a critical challenge in deploying physics-informed operator learning models for computational mechanics and scientific computing, particularly in power-constrained settings such as edge and embedded devices, where repeated operator evaluations in dense networks incur substantial computational and energy costs. To address this challenge, we introduce the Separable Physics-informed Neuroscience-inspired Operator Network (SPINONet), a neuroscience-inspired framework that reduces redundant computation across repeated evaluations while remaining compatible with physics-informed training. SPINONet incorporates regression-friendly neuroscience-inspired spiking neurons through an architecture-aware design that enables sparse, event-driven computation, improving energy efficiency while preserving the continuous, coordinate-differentiable pathways required for computing spatio-temporal derivatives. We evaluate SPINONet on a range of partial differential equations representative of computational mechanics problems, with spatial, temporal, and parametric dependencies in both time-dependent and steady-state settings, and demonstrate predictive performance comparable to conventional physics-informed operator learning approaches despite the induced sparse communication. In addition, limited data supervision in a hybrid setup is shown to improve performance in challenging regimes where purely physics-informed training may converge to spurious solutions. Finally, we provide an analytical discussion linking architectural components and design choices of SPINONet to reductions in computational load and energy consumption.

脉冲神经网络物理信息算子学习能效优化

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