arXiv:2603.21806cs.CV2026-03

用视觉令牌不确定性指导磁共振主动采样,加速成像且保持图像质量。

Anatomical Token Uncertainty for Transformer-Guided Active MRI Acquisition

  • 基于预训练医学图像分词器与潜在空间熵,构建可解释的采样不确定性度量。
  • 在×8和×16加速下,感知质量和特征距离优于现有方法。
  • 适合需要快速高质成像的临床场景,尤其适用于资源受限环境。

MRI全数据采集固有速度慢,限制临床效率并增加患者不适。压缩感知MRI(CS-MRI)通过从欠采样k-space数据重建图像来加速,需优化采样轨迹与高保真重建模型。本文提出一种新型主动采样框架,利用预训练医学图像分词器与潜在Transformer的离散结构。通过量化视觉令牌字典表示解剖结构,模型在潜在空间中生成明确的概率分布。基于该分布,我们定义令牌熵作为不确定性度量,指导主动采样。提出两种策略:(1) 潜在熵选择(LES),将局部令牌熵投影至k-space,识别信息量大的采样线;(2) 基于梯度的熵优化(GEO),通过总潜在熵损失的k-space梯度定位不确定性最大降低区域。我们在fastMRI单线圈膝关节和脑部数据集上以×8和×16加速比评估,结果表明,所提主动策略在感知指标与特征距离上均超越当前最优基线。代码已公开于https://github.com/levayz/TRUST-MRI。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Full data acquisition in MRI is inherently slow, which limits clinical throughput and increases patient discomfort. Compressed Sensing MRI (CS-MRI) seeks to accelerate acquisition by reconstructing images from under-sampled k-space data, requiring both an optimal sampling trajectory and a high-fidelity reconstruction model. In this work, we propose a novel active sampling framework that leverages the inherent discrete structure of a pretrained medical image tokenizer and a latent transformer. By representing anatomy through a dictionary of quantized visual tokens, the model provides a well-defined probability distribution over the latent space. We utilize this distribution to derive a principled uncertainty measure via token entropy, which guides the active sampling process. We introduce two strategies to exploit this latent uncertainty: (1) Latent Entropy Selection (LES), projecting patch-wise token entropy into the $k$-space domain to identify informative sampling lines, and (2) Gradient-based Entropy Optimization (GEO), which identifies regions of maximum uncertainty reduction via the $k$-space gradient of a total latent entropy loss. We evaluate our framework on the fastMRI singlecoil Knee and Brain datasets at $\times 8$ and $\times 16$ acceleration. Our results demonstrate that our active policies outperform state-of-the-art baselines in perceptual metrics, and feature-based distances. Our code is available at https://github.com/levayz/TRUST-MRI.

MRI加速主动采样视觉令牌不确定性建模

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。