arXiv:2603.21823cs.CLcs.CY2026-03AAAI

分析法语新闻中问句如何体现话语权力与声音,揭示其个人化倾向。

Politics of Questions in News: A Mixed-Methods Study of Interrogative Stances as Markers of Voice and Power

  • 结合计算方法与语用学理论,大规模识别新闻中的问句类型与功能
  • 问句密度低但结构系统,多用于引出议题且常自问自答
  • 问句聚焦具体人物组织,强化主流叙事,适合媒体研究者参考

本研究通过混合方法探讨当代法语数字新闻中问句的“话语政治”。基于2023年1月至2024年6月间超过一百万篇新闻文章,自动检测问句立场,推断其功能类型,并定位文中可能的答案。结果显示:问句虽稀少但具系统性,主要作用为引入或组织议题;多数为信息型或模仿式问句,引导性或标签式问句罕见。尽管不同媒体和话题间存在差异,问句大多在同一文章内被回应,且以记者叙述口吻为主,较少通过引语呈现。问句上下文密集包含具体人名、组织与地点,而公众与社会群体提及极少,表明问句话语倾向于突出已有影响力的主体,体现出强烈个人化特征。研究证明了在语料库层面操作化问句立场、文本承接与话语声音的可能性,主张将计算方法与语用学、社会学视角结合,以解释提问实践如何建构当代新闻话语。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Interrogatives in news discourse have been examined in linguistics and conversation analysis, but mostly in broadcast interviews and relatively small, often English-language corpora, while large-scale computational studies of news rarely distinguish interrogatives from declaratives or differentiate their functions. This paper brings these strands together through a mixed-methods study of the "Politics of Questions" in contemporary French-language digital news. Using over one million articles published between January 2023 and June 2024, we automatically detect interrogative stances, approximate their functional types, and locate textual answers when present, linking these quantitative measures to a qualitatively annotated subcorpus grounded in semantic and pragmatic theories of questions. Interrogatives are sparse but systematically patterned: they mainly introduce or organize issues, with most remaining cases being information-seeking or echo-like, while explicitly leading or tag questions are rare. Although their density and mix vary across outlets and topics, our heuristic suggests that questions are overwhelmingly taken up within the same article and usually linked to a subsequent answer-like span, most often in the journalist's narrative voice and less often through quoted speech. Interrogative contexts are densely populated with named individuals, organizations, and places, whereas publics and broad social groups are mentioned much less frequently, suggesting that interrogative discourse tends to foreground already prominent actors and places and thus exhibits strong personalization. We show how interrogative stance, textual uptake, and voice can be operationalized at corpus scale, and argue that combining computational methods with pragmatic and sociological perspectives can help account for how questioning practices structure contemporary news discourse.

新闻话语问句分析语用学计算传播

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